Rafael Trujillo
Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina (/truːˈhiːjoʊ/ troo-HEE-yoh, Spanish: [rafaˈel leˈoniðas tɾuˈxiʝo]; 24 October 1891 – 30 May 1961), nicknamed El Jefe (Spanish: [el ˈxefe], "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican politician, soldier, and dictator. He ruled the Dominican Republic from August 1930 until his assassination in May 1961.[2] He was President from 1930 to 1938 and again from 1942 to 1952.[Note 1]
Generalissimo Rafael Trujillo | |
|---|---|
| 200px Trujillo in 1952 | |
| 36th & 39th President of the Dominican Republic | |
| In office 16 August 1930 – 16 August 1938 | |
| Vice President | Rafael Estrella Ureña (1930–1932) Vacant (1932–1934) Jacinto Peynado (1934–1938) |
| Preceded by | Rafael Estrella Ureña (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Jacinto Peynado |
| In office 18 May 1942 – 16 August 1952 | |
| Vice President | None |
| Preceded by | Manuel de Jesús Troncoso de la Concha |
| Succeeded by | Héctor Trujillo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina 24 October 1891 San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic |
| Died | 30 May 1961 (aged 69) Ciudad Trujillo, Dominican Republic |
| Cause of death | Gunshot wounds |
| Political party | Dominican Party |
| Spouse(s) | Aminta Ledesma y Pérez
(m. 1913–1925)Bienvenida Ricardo y Martínez
(m. 1927–1935)María de los Ángeles Martínez y Alba
(m. 1937) |
| Children | 7, including Ramfis and Angelita[1] |
| Profession |
|
Death
On 30 May 1961, Trujillo was shot dead when his blue 1957 Chevrolet Bel Air was ambushed on a road outside the Dominican capital.[3]
Rafael Trujillo Media
Dominican Republic's Military 5 Stars Generalissimo Rank Insignia
- Capitán Rafael L. Trujillo en 1922 (cropped).jpg
El Capitán del ejército dominicano, Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina.
- Toma de posesión de Rafael L. Trujillo en 1930.jpg
Trujillo (center) and Rafael Estrella Ureña (left) being sworn in as president and vice president, 16 August 1930.
- Presidente Rafael L. Trujillo (cropped).jpg
Generalísimo Rafael Leónidas Trujillo M. Benefactor de la Patria y Presidente de la República Dominicana.
- Rafael Trujillo 1933.jpg
Stamp issued in 1933 on the occasion of Trujillo's 42nd birthday
- Bandera del Generalisimo Trujillo.svg
Heraldic flag used by Trujillo as Generalissimo of the Armies
Trujillo era sign, which reads in Spanish: "In this household, Trujillo is a national symbol"
Yaque del Sur River in 2018; Trujillo was known for his pro-conservation policies for the natural environment of Dominican Republic and built a huge nature reserve around this river.
Trujillo in Washington, D.C. in 1939
- Presidente Rafael L. Trujillo en 1945 (cropped).jpg
President Rafael L. Trujillo in 1945
Notes
- ↑ Rafael Estrella from 3 March 1930 to 16 August 1930; Jacinto Peynado from 16 August 1938 to 7 March 1940; Manuel Troncoso from 7 March 1940 to 18 May 1942; Héctor Trujillo from 16 August 1952 to 3 August 1960; Joaquín Balaguer from 3 August 1960 until 16 January 1962, 8 months after Trujillo's death
References
- ↑ Espinal Hernández, Edwin Rafael (21 February 2009). "Descendencias Presidenciales: Trujillo" (in español). Instituto Dominicano de Genealogía. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
- ↑ "I shot the cruellest dictator in the Americas". BBC News. 2011. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-13560512. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
- ↑ Harris, Bruce. "Moreorless: Heroes & Killers of the 20th century". Archived from the original on 15 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.