Resonance
In physics, resonance is the tendency of a system to vibrate with increasing amplitudes at some frequencies of excitation. These are known as the system's resonant frequencies (or resonance frequencies).[1] The resonator may have a fundamental frequency, and any number of harmonics.
An example of useful effect of resonant frequency is a guitar string which makes a characteristic noise when it is touched. The noise depends on how thick or slack the string is.
Another example can be seen in a playground swing. There is one specific rate at which you must push away a person on a swing to cause the swing to go high. This rate is the resonant frequency.
In earthquake engineering, on contrary, any possibility of a resonance is detrimental for the building structure.
The Kirkwood gap and other connections among orbits are caused by orbital resonance.
Resonance Media
Pushing a person in a swing is a common example of resonance. The loaded swing, a pendulum, has a natural frequency of oscillation, its resonant frequency, and resists being pushed at a faster or slower rate.
Steady-state variation of amplitude with relative frequency \omega/\omega_0 and damping \zeta of a driven simple harmonic oscillator
Series RLC circuit.
Bode magnitude plot for the voltage across the elements of an RLC series circuit. Natural frequency ω0 = 1 rad/s, damping ratio ζ = 0.4.
A mass on a spring has one natural frequency, as it has a single degree of freedom
A standing wave (in black), created when two waves moving from left and right meet and superimpose
Standing waves in a string – the fundamental mode and the first 5 harmonics.
School resonating mass experiment
Animation illustrating electrical resonance in a tuned circuit, consisting of a capacitor (C) and an inductor (L) connected together. Charge flows back and forth between the capacitor plates through the inductor. Energy oscillates back and forth between the capacitor's electric field (E) and the inductor's magnetic field (B).
Related pages
References
- ↑ Tongue, Benson, Principles of Vibration, Oxford University Pres, 2001, ISBN 0-195-142462