Salmonidae
The Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish. They are the only living family in the order Salmoniformes. It includes salmon, trout, chars, graylings, and the subfamily known as the freshwater whitefish.
| Salmonidae | |
|---|---|
| File:OncorhynchusTschawytscha2.jpg | |
| Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) | |
| Scientific classification e | |
| Unrecognized taxon (fix): | Salmoniformes |
| Family: | Salmonidae G. Cuvier, 1816 |
| Type genus | |
| Salmo | |
The Atlantic salmon and trout in the genus Salmo give the family and order their names.
Salmonids look rather primitive for teleost fish. Their pelvic fins are placed far back, with an adipose fin towards the rear of the back. They are slender fish, with rounded scales and forked tails. Their mouths contain a single row of sharp teeth.[1] Although the smallest species is just 13 cm (5.1 in) long as an adult, most are much larger, with the largest reaching 2 m (6.6 ft).[2]
All salmonids spawn in fresh water. In many cases the fish spend most of their lives at sea, returning to the rivers only to reproduce. This a migratory lifecycle. They are predators, feeding on small crustaceans, aquatic insects, and smaller fish.[1]
Taxonomy
Order Salmoniformes
- Family: Salmonidae
- Subfamily: Coregoninae
- Coregonus - whitefishes (78 species)
- Prosopium - round whitefishes (6 species)
- Stenodus - beloribitsa and nelma (2 species)
- †Beckius (1 species, Oligocene)
- †Parastenodus (1 species, Eocene)
- Subfamily: Thymallinae
- Thymallus - graylings (14 species)
- Subfamily: Salmoninae
- †Eosalmo (1 species, Eocene)
- †Paleolox (1 species, Late Miocene)
- Tribe: Salmonini
- Salmo - Atlantic salmon and trout (47 species)
- Salvelinus - Char and trout (e.g. brook trout, lake trout) (51 species)
- Salvethymus - Long-finned char (1 species)
- Tribe: Oncorhynchini
- Brachymystax - lenoks (4 species)
- Hucho - taimens (4 species)
- Oncorhynchus - Pacific salmon and trout (12 species)
- Parahucho - Sakhalin taimen (1 species)
- Subfamily: Coregoninae
Extinct genera
Salmonidae
- Eosalmo (belongs to this family)
Orthogonikleithridae
- Leptolepides (belongs to the family Orthogonikleithridae)
- Orthogonikleithrus (belongs to the family Orthogonikleithridae)
Gallery
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus)
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Salmonidae Media
- Eosalmo driftwoodensis 02.jpg
- Winthrop National Fish Hatchery 22 - how Steelhead grow from eggs (cropped).jpg
Oncorhynchus mykiss maturing from eggs.
- Prosopium cylindraceum (white background).jpeg
Prosopium cylindraceum (white background)
- Inconu (PSF).png
Inconu ( Stenodus nelma )
Ichtyologie, ou, Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière des poissons (Pl. XXVII) (white background)
- Arctic Grayling Thymallus arcticus arcticus (white background).jpg
Arctic Grayling Thymallus arcticus arcticus (white background)
- Salmo salar flipped.jpg
Salmo salar, Atlantic Salmon, Salmoniformes, Salmonidae, Salmoninae, salmon, fish
- Denton Male Sunapee Trout (cropped).png
Denton Male Sunapee Trout (cropped)
- Lake Washington Ship Canal Fish Ladder pamphlet - male freshwater phase Coho.jpg
Lake Washington Ship Canal Fish Ladder pamphlet - male freshwater phase Coho
- Hucho perryi Brevoort.jpg
Hucho perryi
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McDowell, Robert M. 1998 (1998). Paxton J.R. & Eschmeyer W.N. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 114–116. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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Other websites
16x16px Media related to Salmonidae at Wikimedia Commons
