Salyut
The Salyut program was a space program by the Soviet Union to create space stations. There were seven, single-module stations with the name Salyut that made it to orbit. An additional two stations failed during launch and were not given names starting with Salyut.
Three of these space stations were part of the Almaz series of millitary space stations, instead of the civilian Salyut program. They used the name Salyut in order to try to hide their military use.
Part of the design of the Salyut stations was later used as the basis for the core module of Mir. It was also used in the Zvezda servide module of the International Space Station. Part of the design of the Almaz stations was later used as the basis for the Kvant-1 module in Mir and the Zarya module of the International Space Station.
| Name | Also known as | Launched | Burned up in the atmosphere |
Days in orbit |
Days with people on board |
Crew and visitors (total) |
Visiting crewed spacecraft |
Visiting uncrewed spacecraft |
Mass kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salyut 1 | DOS-1 | 19 April 1971 |
11 October 1971 |
175 | 23 | 3 | 2 | - | 18,500 |
| DOS-2 (failure) |
29 July 1972 | 29 July 1972 | - | - | - | - | - | 18,500 | |
| Salyut 2 | OPS-1 (Almaz military station) |
4 April 1973 |
28 May 1973 |
54 | - | - | - | - | 18,500 |
| Kosmos 557 (failure) |
DOS-3 | 11 May 1973 |
22 May 1973 |
11 | - | - | - | - | 19,400 |
| Salyut 3 | OPS-2 (Almaz military station) |
25 June 1974 |
24 January 1975 |
213 | 15 | 2 | 2 | - | 18,500 |
| Salyut 4 | DOS-4 | 26 December 1974 |
3 February 1977 |
770 | 92 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 18,500 |
| Salyut 5 | OPS-3 (Almaz military station) |
22 June 1976 |
8 August 1977 |
412 | 67 | 4 | 3 | - | 19,000 |
| Salyut 6 | DOS-5 | 29 September 1977 |
29 July 1982 |
1764 | 683 | 33 | 18 | 15 | 19,824 |
| Salyut 7 | DOS-6 | 19 April 1982 |
7 February 1991 |
3216 | 816 | 26 | 11 | 15 | 18,900 |
Salyut Media
Mockup of Soyuz and Progress spacecraft docked to Salyut 6, Moscow Polytechnical Museum
A full-scale model of a Salyut 7 space station and two docked spacecraft. On the left a Soyuz can be seen docked to the fore port, and on the right a Progress is docked at the aft port. The display is in front of one of the pavilions of the Exhibition of Soviet National Economic Achievement.
The core module of the Soviet/Russian space station Mir. The multiport node at the module’s forward end (left) has one longitudinal docking port (used for Soyuz & Progress dockings) and four lateral berthing ports, to which the rest of the station's modules were berthed.
DOS-8 (Zvezda ISS module)
