Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which the human or animal spine has a sideways curve. The curve is usually S-shaped or C-shaped. In some, the curve is stable. In others, though, it increases over time. Mild scoliosis does not often cause problems. Severe cases, however, can interfere with breathing and can cause pain.

The cause of most cases is unknown. However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include having affected family members.

Diagnosis is often confirmed with x-rays.

Scoliosis usually occurs between ages 10 and 20. Males can be affected, although females are more often affected.

Scoliosis Media

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  A 20th-century illustration of a severe case of an "S" shaped scoliosis

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  Cobb angle measurement of a scoliosis

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  A Chêneau brace achieving correction from 56° to 27° Cobb angle

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  Female adolescent (14 years old) patient wearing a Milwaukee brace – with neck ring and mandible (chin) pad showing

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  A 14–15th-century woman who had severe scoliosis, and died at about 35 years, Limburgs Museum Venlo