Sinaloa Cartel
The Sinaloa Cartel (Spanish: Cártel de Sinaloa),[1][2] also known as the Guzmán-Loera Organization, the Pacific Cartel,[3] the Federation and the Blood Alliance,[4][5][6] is an international drug trafficking, money laundering, and organized crime group[7] established during the late 1980s by Joaquín Guzmán Loera, Héctor Luis Palma Salazar, and Ismael Zambada García.[8]
The cartel is in the city of Culiacán, Sinaloa,[9] with operations in the Mexican states of Baja California, Durango, Sonora, and Chihuahua.[10][11] The United States calls the Sinaloa Cartel "the most powerful drug trafficking organization in the world"[12] and in 2011, the Los Angeles Times called it "Mexico's most powerful organized crime group."[13] The group makes and sells opium, marijuana, heroin and cocaine. They also do human trafficking.
Sinaloa Cartel Media
City of Culiacán, Sinaloa, a historical stronghold for the cartel
Sinaloa Cartel hierarchy in early 2008
Sinaloa Cartel hierarchy in early 2023
Image 1: Drug tunnel corridors Tijuana airport/Otay Mesa
Image 2: Ejido Tampico comparison between 2000 and 2006
Image 3: Drug trafficking tunnel under the U.S.-Mexico border used by the Sinaloa Cartel from the Ejido Tampico
References
- ↑ Sinaloa Cartel Influence is Steadily Growing In Tijuana. 23 February 2011. http://www.borderlandbeat.com/2011/02/sinaloa-cartel-influence-is-steadily.html.[dead link]
- ↑ Agren, David. 'The only two powerful cartels left': rivals clash in Mexico's murder capital (28 November 2016).
- ↑ The latter due to the coast of Mexico from which it originated.
- ↑ (in es) El cártel de Sinaloa, una alianza de sangre. 30 July 2010. http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/179403.html. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ↑ Rama, Anahi (7 April 2008). "Mexico blames Gulf cartel for surge in drug murders". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN07300830. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
- ↑ Carter, Sara A. (3 March 2009). 100,000-foot soldiers in Mexican cartels. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/mar/03/100000-foot-soldiers-in-cartels/. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
- ↑ Why are the Sinaloa Cartel the World's Most Powerful Gangsters?. International Business Times UK (16 September 2014). Retrieved 12 July 2015.
- ↑ Sinaloa Cartel. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
- ↑ Mexico's Sinaloa gang grows empire, defies crackdown. 19 January 2011. https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/01/19/us-mexico-drugs-idUSTRE70I6UZ20110119. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
- ↑ Freeman, Laurie. State of Siege:Drug-Related Violence and Corruption in MexicoWoodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. p. 7, 13, 15.
- ↑ Bailey, John J.. Organized Crime and Democratic Governability: Mexico and the U.S.-Mexican Borderlands (2000)Univ of Pittsburgh Press. p. 146. ISBN 0-8229-5758-2.
- ↑ U.S. Intelligence Says Sinaloa Cartel Has Won Battle for Ciudad Juarez Drug Routes. 9 April 2010. http://cnsnews.com/news/article/us-intelligence-says-sinaloa-cartel-has-won-battle-ciudad-juarez-drug-routes. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
- ↑ Marosi, Richard (24 July 2011). Unraveling Mexico's Sinaloa drug cartel. https://articles.latimes.com/2011/jul/24/local/la-me-cartel-20110724.
