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'''Electrical conductivity''' is the measure of a material's ability to accommodate the transport of an electric charge. Its [[SI derived unit]] is the ''[[siemens (unit)|siemens]] per [[metre]]'', ([[ampere|A]]<sup>2</sup>[[second|s]]<sup>3</sup>[[metre|m]]<sup>−3</sup>[[kilogram|kg]]<sup>−1</sup>) (named after [[Werner von Siemens]]) or, more simply, Sm<sup>−1</sup>. It is the ratio of the [[electric current|current]] density to the [[electric field]] strength or, in more practical terms, is equivalent to the electrical conductance measured between opposite faces of a 1-metre cube of the material under test.
*As symbol for electrical conductivity we find <math>\kappa</math> ([[kappa]]), but also <math>\sigma</math> ([[sigma]]) or <math>\gamma</math> ([[gamma]]).
Electrical conductance is an [[electric charge|electrical phenomenon]] where a material contains movable particles with [[electric charge]] (such as [[electrons]]), which can carry [[electricity]]. When a difference of electrical potential is placed across a conductor, its movable charges flow, and an [[electric current]] appears.
A [[Electrical conductor|Conductor]] such as a [[metal]] has high conductivity, and an [[insulator]] like [[glass]] or a [[vacuum]] has low conductivity. A [[semiconductor]] has a conductivity that varies widely under different conditions.
Electrical conductivity is the [[reciprocal]] (or [[inverse]]) of [[electrical resistivity]].
{{sci-stub}}
[[Category:Electricity]]
[[Category:Materials science]]
*As symbol for electrical conductivity we find <math>\kappa</math> ([[kappa]]), but also <math>\sigma</math> ([[sigma]]) or <math>\gamma</math> ([[gamma]]).
Electrical conductance is an [[electric charge|electrical phenomenon]] where a material contains movable particles with [[electric charge]] (such as [[electrons]]), which can carry [[electricity]]. When a difference of electrical potential is placed across a conductor, its movable charges flow, and an [[electric current]] appears.
A [[Electrical conductor|Conductor]] such as a [[metal]] has high conductivity, and an [[insulator]] like [[glass]] or a [[vacuum]] has low conductivity. A [[semiconductor]] has a conductivity that varies widely under different conditions.
Electrical conductivity is the [[reciprocal]] (or [[inverse]]) of [[electrical resistivity]].
{{sci-stub}}
[[Category:Electricity]]
[[Category:Materials science]]