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Redwood National and State Parks (view source)
Revision as of 20:54, 21 September 2020
, 20:54, 21 September 2020KS update 1.1
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Redwood National and State Parks
| photo = Redwood National Park, fog in the forest.jpg
| photo_caption = Fog in the forest
| iucn_category = V
| map = California#USA
| relief = 1
| map_caption = Location in California##Location in the United States
| location = [[Humboldt County, California|Humboldt County]] & [[Del Norte County, California|Del Norte County]], California, US
| nearest_city = [[Crescent City, California|Crescent City]]
| coordinates = {{coord|41.3|N|124|W|region:US-CA|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| established = October 2, 1968
| area_acre = 138,999
| area_ref =<ref name="area">{{citation | author = National Park Service, Land Resources Division | authorlink = National Park Service | date = December 31, 2018 | title = Listing of Acreage |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lwcf/upload/NPS-Acreage-12-31-2018.pdf | url-status=live | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515230937/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lwcf/upload/NPS-Acreage-12-31-2018.pdf | archivedate = May 15, 2019 | accessdate = May 15, 2019 }}.</ref>
| visitation_num = 482,536
| visitation_year = 2018
| visitation_ref =<ref name="visits">{{NPS Visitation|accessdate=2019-03-11}}</ref>
| governing_body = Co-managed by [[National Park Service]] and [[California Department of Parks and Recreation]]
| website = [https://www.nps.gov/redw/ Official website]
| embedded1 = {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| child = yes
| criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(vii), (ix)}}(vii), (ix)
| ID = 134
| year = 1980
}}
}}
The '''Redwood National and State Parks''' ('''RNSP''') are a group of [[State park|state]] and [[National park|national]] parks in the [[United States]]. They are on the coast of northern [[California]]. These parks include Redwood National Park, Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park, Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, and Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. Together, the parks contain {{convert|139,000|acre|km2}},<ref name="2010 Visitor Guide">{{cite web |title=National or State Park? |work=Redwood National and State Parks Visitor Guide |publisher=National Park Service |date=June 24, 2010 |url=https://pwrcms.nps.gov/redw/photosmultimedia/upload/VG_REDW_LOWRES_6.9.10.pdf |accessdate=2010-06-24 }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
The parks have [[old-growth forest|old-growth]] [[temperate rainforest]]s. The four parks include 45% of all remaining [[Sequoia sempervirens|coast redwood]] forests. These total at least {{convert|38982|acre|km2}}. These [[tree]]s are the tallest and one of the biggest trees on Earth. In addition to the redwood forests, the parks protect much nature within the area.
In 1850, [[Old-growth forest|old-growth]] redwood forest covered more than {{convert|2000000|acre|km2}} of the California coast. The northern part of that area was noticed by [[Lumberjack|lumbermen]] and others when a [[gold rush]] brought them to the region. As they did not become rich from gold, these men decided to [[logging|log]] the gigantic trees.<ref name="Coy">{{cite book |last=Coy |first=Owen Cochran |title=The Humboldt Bay Region 1850–1875 |publisher=Humboldt County Historical Society |year=1982 |page=51}}</ref> The [[timber]] went to [[San Francisco]] and other places on the West Coast.
After many decades of [[logging]], efforts were started in [[conservation]]. In the 1920s the Save the Redwoods League worked to save old-growth redwoods. Due to their efforts, a number of State Parks were formed. Then in 1968, Redwood National Park was created. By that time nearly 90% of the original redwood trees had been logged. The [[National Park Service]] (NPS) and the [[California Department of Parks and Recreation]] (CDPR) combined the management of Redwood National Park with the three Redwood State Parks in 1994.<ref>{{cite web|title=Working Together|url=http://www.nps.gov/redw/planyourvisit/park-overview.htm|work=Redwood National and State Parks|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2 April 2012}}</ref>
The [[ecosystem]] of the RNSP preserves a number of [[threatened species|threatened]] animal species. These include the [[tidewater goby]], [[Chinook salmon]], [[northern spotted owl]], and [[Steller's sea lion]].<ref name="threatened">{{cite web |title=Threatened/Endangered Species |publisher=National Park Service |url=http://www.nps.gov/archive/redw/home.html |accessdate=2008-11-07}}</ref> The [[United Nations]] made the parks a [[World Heritage Site]] on 5 September 1980. Other parts of the area were added on 30 June 1983.<ref name="WHS">{{cite web |title=U.S. World Heritage Sites |publisher=National Park Service |url=http://www.nps.gov/history/worldheritage/redw.htm |accessdate=2008-11-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013155548/http://www.nps.gov/history/worldheritage/redw.htm <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=2008-10-13}}</ref><ref name="U.S. Biosphere Reserves">{{cite web|title=U.S. Biosphere Reserves|publisher=National Park Service|url=http://npshistory.com/publications/mab/us-biosphere-reserves.pdf|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref>
== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}
==Related pages==
*[[National park]]
== Other websites ==
{{sister project links|Redwood National and State Parks|voy=Redwood National Park|wikt=no|b=no|n=no|q=no|s=no|v=no}}
* [https://www.nps.gov/redw/ Official website] of the [https://www.nps.gov/index.htm National Park Service]
* [https://foresthistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/American-Forest-Institute_RedwoodNP_chronology.pdf Chronology: Establishment of the Redwood National Park] by Willard E. Pratt. Forest History Society website.
* The [http://hsuredwoodsproject.omeka.net/ HSU Redwoods Project]
* [https://foresthistory.org/research-explore/archives-library/fhs-archival-collections/inventory-of-the-redwood-national-park-records-1926-1980/ Inventory of the Redwood National Park Collection, 1926–1980] at the Forest History Society archives.
{{California|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
{{WHSite}}
{{World Heritage Sites in the United States}}
{{geo-stub}}
[[Category:Biosphere reserves]]
[[Category:National parks in the United States]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the United States]]
[[Category:Western United States]]
[[Category:California]]
[[Category:1968 establishments in the United States]]
| name = Redwood National and State Parks
| photo = Redwood National Park, fog in the forest.jpg
| photo_caption = Fog in the forest
| iucn_category = V
| map = California#USA
| relief = 1
| map_caption = Location in California##Location in the United States
| location = [[Humboldt County, California|Humboldt County]] & [[Del Norte County, California|Del Norte County]], California, US
| nearest_city = [[Crescent City, California|Crescent City]]
| coordinates = {{coord|41.3|N|124|W|region:US-CA|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| established = October 2, 1968
| area_acre = 138,999
| area_ref =<ref name="area">{{citation | author = National Park Service, Land Resources Division | authorlink = National Park Service | date = December 31, 2018 | title = Listing of Acreage |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lwcf/upload/NPS-Acreage-12-31-2018.pdf | url-status=live | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515230937/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/lwcf/upload/NPS-Acreage-12-31-2018.pdf | archivedate = May 15, 2019 | accessdate = May 15, 2019 }}.</ref>
| visitation_num = 482,536
| visitation_year = 2018
| visitation_ref =<ref name="visits">{{NPS Visitation|accessdate=2019-03-11}}</ref>
| governing_body = Co-managed by [[National Park Service]] and [[California Department of Parks and Recreation]]
| website = [https://www.nps.gov/redw/ Official website]
| embedded1 = {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
| child = yes
| criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(vii), (ix)}}(vii), (ix)
| ID = 134
| year = 1980
}}
}}
The '''Redwood National and State Parks''' ('''RNSP''') are a group of [[State park|state]] and [[National park|national]] parks in the [[United States]]. They are on the coast of northern [[California]]. These parks include Redwood National Park, Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park, Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, and Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. Together, the parks contain {{convert|139,000|acre|km2}},<ref name="2010 Visitor Guide">{{cite web |title=National or State Park? |work=Redwood National and State Parks Visitor Guide |publisher=National Park Service |date=June 24, 2010 |url=https://pwrcms.nps.gov/redw/photosmultimedia/upload/VG_REDW_LOWRES_6.9.10.pdf |accessdate=2010-06-24 }}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
The parks have [[old-growth forest|old-growth]] [[temperate rainforest]]s. The four parks include 45% of all remaining [[Sequoia sempervirens|coast redwood]] forests. These total at least {{convert|38982|acre|km2}}. These [[tree]]s are the tallest and one of the biggest trees on Earth. In addition to the redwood forests, the parks protect much nature within the area.
In 1850, [[Old-growth forest|old-growth]] redwood forest covered more than {{convert|2000000|acre|km2}} of the California coast. The northern part of that area was noticed by [[Lumberjack|lumbermen]] and others when a [[gold rush]] brought them to the region. As they did not become rich from gold, these men decided to [[logging|log]] the gigantic trees.<ref name="Coy">{{cite book |last=Coy |first=Owen Cochran |title=The Humboldt Bay Region 1850–1875 |publisher=Humboldt County Historical Society |year=1982 |page=51}}</ref> The [[timber]] went to [[San Francisco]] and other places on the West Coast.
After many decades of [[logging]], efforts were started in [[conservation]]. In the 1920s the Save the Redwoods League worked to save old-growth redwoods. Due to their efforts, a number of State Parks were formed. Then in 1968, Redwood National Park was created. By that time nearly 90% of the original redwood trees had been logged. The [[National Park Service]] (NPS) and the [[California Department of Parks and Recreation]] (CDPR) combined the management of Redwood National Park with the three Redwood State Parks in 1994.<ref>{{cite web|title=Working Together|url=http://www.nps.gov/redw/planyourvisit/park-overview.htm|work=Redwood National and State Parks|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2 April 2012}}</ref>
The [[ecosystem]] of the RNSP preserves a number of [[threatened species|threatened]] animal species. These include the [[tidewater goby]], [[Chinook salmon]], [[northern spotted owl]], and [[Steller's sea lion]].<ref name="threatened">{{cite web |title=Threatened/Endangered Species |publisher=National Park Service |url=http://www.nps.gov/archive/redw/home.html |accessdate=2008-11-07}}</ref> The [[United Nations]] made the parks a [[World Heritage Site]] on 5 September 1980. Other parts of the area were added on 30 June 1983.<ref name="WHS">{{cite web |title=U.S. World Heritage Sites |publisher=National Park Service |url=http://www.nps.gov/history/worldheritage/redw.htm |accessdate=2008-11-07 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013155548/http://www.nps.gov/history/worldheritage/redw.htm <!--Added by H3llBot--> |archivedate=2008-10-13}}</ref><ref name="U.S. Biosphere Reserves">{{cite web|title=U.S. Biosphere Reserves|publisher=National Park Service|url=http://npshistory.com/publications/mab/us-biosphere-reserves.pdf|accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref>
== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}
==Related pages==
*[[National park]]
== Other websites ==
{{sister project links|Redwood National and State Parks|voy=Redwood National Park|wikt=no|b=no|n=no|q=no|s=no|v=no}}
* [https://www.nps.gov/redw/ Official website] of the [https://www.nps.gov/index.htm National Park Service]
* [https://foresthistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/American-Forest-Institute_RedwoodNP_chronology.pdf Chronology: Establishment of the Redwood National Park] by Willard E. Pratt. Forest History Society website.
* The [http://hsuredwoodsproject.omeka.net/ HSU Redwoods Project]
* [https://foresthistory.org/research-explore/archives-library/fhs-archival-collections/inventory-of-the-redwood-national-park-records-1926-1980/ Inventory of the Redwood National Park Collection, 1926–1980] at the Forest History Society archives.
{{California|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
{{WHSite}}
{{World Heritage Sites in the United States}}
{{geo-stub}}
[[Category:Biosphere reserves]]
[[Category:National parks in the United States]]
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in the United States]]
[[Category:Western United States]]
[[Category:California]]
[[Category:1968 establishments in the United States]]