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{{Infobox_officeholder | name=John Calvin Coolidge, Jr.

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2020}}

| image=Calvin Coolidge.jpg

|image = Calvin_Coolidge_cph.3g10777_(cropped).jpg

| size=240px

|order = 30th

| order=30th [[President (United States)|President of the United States]]

|office = President of the United States

| term_start=August 2, 1923

|term_start = August 2, 1923

| term_end=March 3, 1929

|term_end = March 4, 1929

| predecessor=[[Warren G. Harding]]

| successor=[[Herbert Hoover]]

|predecessor = [[Warren G. Harding]]

| birth_date={{birth date|1872|7|4}}

|successor = [[Herbert Hoover]]

| birth_place=[[Plymouth, Vermont|Plymouth]], [[Vermont]]

|office2 = 29th [[Vice President of the United States]]

| death_date={{death date and age|1933|1|5|1872|7|4}}

|term_start2 = March 4, 1921

| death_place=[[Northampton, Massachusetts|Northampton]], [[Massachusetts]]

|term_end2 = August 2, 1923

| spouse=[[Grace Coolidge|Grace Goodhue Coolidge]]

|president2 = Warren G. Harding

| party=[[United States Republican Party|Republican]]

|predecessor2 = [[Thomas R. Marshall]]

| vicepresident= None <br />[[Charles G. Dawes]]

|successor2 = [[Charles Dawes]]

| order2=29th [[Vice President of the United States]]

|order3 = 48th [[Governor of Massachusetts#List of Governors|Governor of Massachusetts]]

| term_start2=4 March 1921

|lieutenant3 = Channing H. Cox

| term_end2=August 2, 1923

|term_start3 = January 2, 1919

| predecessor2=[[Thomas R. Marshall]]

|term_end3 = January 6, 1921

| successor2=[[Charles G. Dawes]]

|predecessor3 = [[Samuel W. McCall]]

| president2=[[Warren G. Harding]]

|successor3 = [[Channing H. Cox]]

|office4 = 46th [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]

|governor4 = [[Samuel W. McCall]]

|term_start4 = January 6, 1916

|predecessor4 = [[Grafton D. Cushing]]

|office5 = [[President of the Massachusetts Senate]]

|term_start5 = 1914

|preceded5 = [[Levi H. Greenwood]]

|succeeded5 = [[Henry Gordon Wells]]

|office6 = [[Massachusetts Senate#Members|Member of the Massachusetts Senate]]

|term_start6 = 1912

|predecessor6 = [[Allen T. Treadway]]

|successor6 = John B. Hull

|office7 = Mayor of [[Northampton, Massachusetts]]

|term_start7 = 1910

|office8 = [[Massachusetts House of Representatives#Members|Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives]]

|birth_place = [[Plymouth Notch, Vermont]]

|death_date = {{death date and age|1933|1|5|1872|7|4}}

|death_place = [[Northampton, Massachusetts]]

|restingplace = [[Plymouth Notch Cemetery]]

|party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]

|parents = {{plain list|

* [[John Calvin Coolidge Sr.]]

}}

}}

'''John Calvin Coolidge''' (July 4, 1872 - January 5, 1933) was the 30th [[President (United States)|President of the United States]] between 1923 to 1929.

<ref name=":0" />'''Calvin Coolidge''' (born '''John Calvin Coolidge Jr.'''; July 4, 1872 &ndash; January 5, 1933) was the [[President (United States)|President of the United States]] between 1923 and 1929. He was a [[Conservatives in the United States|conservative]] who supported business and lower taxes.

 

He was the only President of the United States to be born on July 4.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.historyrocket.com/American-History/political-history/calvin-coolidge/Interesting-Facts-About-Calvin-Coolidge.html|title=Interesting Facts About Calvin Coolidge|publisher=History Rocket.com|accessdate=November 4, 2013}}</ref> He was married to [[Grace Coolidge]] and had 2 children:

John Calvin Coolidge III (born September 6, 1906 - died May 31, 2000) and John [[John Calvin Coolidge IV|Calvin Jr.]] (born April 13, 1908 - died July 7, 1924). His younger son John Calvin Coolidge IV died at 16 while playing tennis at the [[White House]]. His son was wearing tennis shoes without socks and died from a toe infection. He was buried at the foot of Hill Cemetery. After this, President Coolidge may have been [[Depression (mental illness)|depressed]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Beatty|first=Jack|date=2003-12-31|title=President Coolidge's Burden|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2003/12/president-coolidges-burden/303175/|access-date=2020-09-16|website=The Atlantic|language=en-US}}</ref>

He was the only President of the United States to be born on the 4th of July.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyrocket.com/American-History/political-history/calvin-coolidge/Interesting-Facts-About-Calvin-Coolidge.html|title=Interesting Facts About Calvin Coolidge|publisher=History Rocket.com|accessdate=November 4, 2013}}</ref> He was married to [[Grace Coolidge]] and had 2 children: [[John Coolidge|John]] (born September 6, 1906 - died 2000) and [[Calvin Coolidge, Jr.|Calvin Jr.]] (born 13 April 1908 - died 1924). His younger son Calvin Jr. died at 16 while playing tennis at the [[White House]]. He was wearing shoes without socks and died from a toe infection. He was buried at the foot of Hill Cemetery.

== Political career ==

== Political career ==

Coolidge served as the Mayor of [[Northampton, Massachusetts]]. He later served as the [[Governor of Massachusetts]]. As governor, he became famous because of his response during the Boston Police Strike. Coolidge fired the police who went on strike and gave the jobs to unemployed World War 1 veterans (he gave the same bonuses that the striking policemen asked for to the veterans).

Coolidge served as the Mayor of [[Northampton, Massachusetts]]. He later served as the [[Governor of Massachusetts]]. As governor, he became famous because of his response during the Boston Police Strike. Coolidge fired the police who went on strike and gave the jobs to unemployed World War 1 veterans (he gave the same bonuses that the striking policemen asked for to the veterans).

In 1920, he was nominated [[United States Vice President|Vice President]] under [[Warren G. Harding]]. The Harding-Coolidge team won easily. Harding died in 1923 and Coolidge became the next [[President (United States)|President]].

In 1920, he was nominated [[United States Vice President|Vice President]] under Warren G. Harding. The Harding-Coolidge team won easily. Harding died in 1923 and Coolidge became the next [[President (United States)|President]]. He was [[First inauguration of Calvin Coolidge|inaugurated]] at his family farm in [[Vermont]] by his father [[John Calvin Coolidge Sr.]]

Coolidge finished Harding's term and was elected in 1924 to continue to be the country's president.

Coolidge finished Harding's term and was elected in 1924 to continue to be the country's president.

Coolidge was president during a prosperous economy and the country did not face many challenges. He believed that the federal government should be as small as possible. He supported tax cuts and wanted the federal government to keep its hands off the economy.

Coolidge was president during a prosperous economy and the country did not face many challenges. He believed that the federal government should be as small as possible. He supported tax cuts and wanted the federal government to keep its hands off the economy. Some think this is linked to the [[Great Depression]].

Coolidge was criticized for refusing to give [[subsidies]] to farmers and when a giant flood happened in Mississippi during 1927, he did not want the federal government to be involved. This was part of his belief of [[federalism]], that the country's problems should be solved mainly by state governments and local governments rather than the federal government.

Coolidge was criticized for refusing to give [[subsidies]] to farmers and when a giant flood happened in Mississippi during 1927, he did not want the federal government to be involved. This was part of his belief of [[federalism]], that the country's problems should be solved mainly by state governments and local governments rather than the federal government.  

He surprised many people by choosing not to run for re-election during 1928.

He surprised many people by choosing not to run for re-election during 1928.

The legacy of Calvin Coolidge is mixed. People who support more federal government involvement in the economy do not like him. People who support less federal government involvement in the economy like him.

The legacy of Calvin Coolidge is mixed. People who support more federal government involvement in the economy do not like him. People who support less federal government involvement in the economy like him.

== Silent Cal ==

== Silent Cal ==

Calvin Coolidge was nicknamed "Silent Cal" because he did not talk much.

Calvin Coolidge was nicknamed "Silent Cal" because he did not talk much.

== References ==

== References ==

== Other websites ==

== Other websites ==

*[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/cc30.html Coolidge's White House biography]

* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/cc30.html Coolidge's White House biography]

{{USPresidents}}

{{USPresidents}}

[[Category:Governors of Massachusetts]]

[[Category:Governors of Massachusetts]]

[[Category:Politicians from Vermont]]

[[Category:Politicians from Vermont]]