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{{Infobox officeholder

{{Infobox officeholder

| name=The Marquess of Salisbury

| name = The Marquess of Salisbury

| image=3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury.jpg

| image = Robert-Gascoyne-Cecil-3rd-Marquess-of-Salisbury (cropped).jpg

| order=[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]

| order = [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]]

| term_start =[[23 June]] [[1885]]

| term_start = [[23 June]] [[1885]]

| term_end =[[28 January]] [[1886]]

| term_end = [[28 January]] [[1886]]

| term_start2 =[[25 July]] [[1886]]

| term_start2 = [[25 July]] [[1886]]

| term_end2 =[[11 August]] [[1892]]

| term_end2 = [[11 August]] [[1892]]

| term_start3 =[[25 June]] [[1895]]

| term_start3 = [[25 June]] [[1895]]

| term_end3 =[[11 July]] [[1902]]

| term_end3 = [[11 July]] [[1902]]

| predecessor =[[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| predecessor = [[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| predecessor2 =[[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| predecessor2 = [[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| predecessor3 =[[Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery|The Earl of Rosebery]]

| predecessor3 = [[Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery|The Earl of Rosebery]]

| successor =[[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| successor = [[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| successor2 =[[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| successor2 = [[William Ewart Gladstone]]

| successor3 =[[Arthur Balfour]]

| successor3 = [[Arthur Balfour]]

| birth_date ={{birth date|df=yes|1830|2|3}}

| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1830|2|3}}

| birth_place =[[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]], [[Hertfordshire]], [[England]]

| birth_place = [[Hatfield, Hertfordshire|Hatfield]], [[Hertfordshire]], [[England]]

| death_date ={{death date and age|df=yes|1903|8|22|1830|2|3}}

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1903|8|22|1830|2|3}}

| death_place =Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England

| death_place = Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England

| party=[[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]

| party = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]

| honorific_suffix = [[KG]] [[GCVO]] [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] [[FRS]]

}}

}}

'''Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury''' (3 February 1830 - 22 August 1903) was a [[Prime Minister]] of the [[United Kingdom]]. He was known as '''Lord Robert Cecil''' before 1865 and as '''Viscount Cranborne''' from 1865 until 1868.

'''Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury''' <small>[[Order of the Garter|KG]] [[Royal Victorian Order|GCVO]] [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|PC]] [[The Royal Society|FRS]]</small> (3 February 1830 - 22 August 1903) was a [[Prime Minister]] of the [[United Kingdom]]. He was known as '''Lord Robert Cecil''' before 1865 and as '''Viscount Cranborne''' from 1865 until 1868.

 

Salisbury served as Prime Minister three times for a total of over thirteen years. When Prime Minister, he acted as his own Foreign Minister.

Lord Cecil was elected to [[Parliament]] in 1853 as a member of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]. In 1866 (now called Viscount Cranborne), he served as [[Secretary of State for India]] under Prime Minister [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Lord Derby]]. Cranborne resigned, but he would return to government in 1874, now as the Marquess of Salisbury. Salisbury was again Secretary of State for [[India]] under Prime Minister [[Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield|Benjamin Disraeli]]. In 1878, Salisbury became [[Foreign Secretary]] in the Disraeli government.

Lord Cecil was elected to [[Parliament]] in 1853 as a member of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]]. In 1866 (now called Viscount Cranborne), he served as [[Secretary of State for India]] under Prime Minister [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Lord Derby]]. Cranborne resigned, but he would return to government in 1874, now as the Marquess of Salisbury. Salisbury was again Secretary of State for [[India]] under Prime Minister [[Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield|Benjamin Disraeli]]. In 1878, Salisbury became [[Foreign Secretary]] in the Disraeli government.

Salisbury became the Conservative Party leader. Salisbury first served as Prime Minister from June 23, 1885, to January 28, 1886. His first government did not last long as the Conservatives did not have full control.

Salisbury became the Conservative Party leader. Salisbury first served as Prime Minister from 23 June 1885, to 28 January 1886. His first government did not last long as the Conservatives did not have full control.

 

 

 

The other was [[Ireland]], the rise of [[Irish nationalism]] amongst Catholics in Ireland. This was backed by his great opponent, [[Gladstone]], leader of the Liberal Party and also three times Prime Minister.

Salisbury became Prime Minister again on July 25, 1886, with a majority. He would be in office until August 11, 1892 and a third time from June 25, 1895, until July 11, 1902.

Salisbury helped establish the [[London County Council]]. Salisbury built up the [[Royal Navy]]. [[Africa]] was divided up into [[colonialism|colonies]].  

Salisbury helped establish the [[London County Council]]. Salisbury built up the [[Royal Navy]]. [[Africa]] was divided up into [[colonialism|colonies]]. The United Kingdom fought the [[Second Boer War]] while Salisbury was Prime Minister.

Salisbury resigned on 11 July 1902. He died on 22 August 1903. The great issues which had divided the country in his time {{ndash}} [[colonialism]], Ireland and Africa – lasted in British politics for most of the next century. The one great issue which was not appreciated at the time was the rise of militant [[German]] nationalism, which in the next century led to two [[World War]]s. Throughout his career Salisbury wrote articles for the ''Quarterly Review'', which have now been edited and published.<ref>Smith, Paul (ed) 1972. ''Lord Salisbury on Politics. A selection from his articles in the Quarterly Review 1860–83''. Cambridge University Press.</ref><ref>*  Robert Cecil Salisbury. ''Essays by the Late Marquess of Salisbury'' (1905) [https://archive.org/download/essaysbylatemar00saligoog/essaysbylatemar00saligoog.pdf online]</ref>

{{UKPrimeMinisters}}

{{UKPrimeMinisters}}