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{{InterWiki|code=ur}}

{{InterWiki|code=ur}}

'''Urdu''' or '''Lashkari''',<ref name="Ahmad2009">{{cite book|author=Aijazuddin Ahmad|title=Geography of the South Asian Subcontinent: A Critical Approach|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QmPHeIowoC&pg=PA120|year=2009|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-8069-568-1|pages=120–}}</ref> is an [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]]. It is the national language of [[Pakistan]]. It is spoken in Pakistan and [[India]] in the states of [[Telangana]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Delhi]], [[Bihar]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]]. When spoken, it sounds the same as [[Hindi]].

'''Urdu''' , also known or nicknamed '''as''' '''Lashkari or a lashkari language'''<ref name="Ahmad2009">{{cite book|author=Aijazuddin Ahmad|title=Geography of the South Asian Subcontinent: A Critical Approach|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QmPHeIowoC&pg=PA120|year=2009|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-8069-568-1|pages=120–}}</ref> is an [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]]. It is the national language of [[Pakistan]]. It is spoken as a lingua franca by the majority of people in Pakistan and it is also spoken in some parts of [[India]] like the states of [[Telangana]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Delhi]], [[Bihar]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]]. When spoken, it sounds the same as [[Hindi]] with exceptions of certain vocabulary words, phrases, or tone of speaking. When written, it is written completely different from Hindi. That is why, speakers of Hindi and Urdu can have a fluent, easy conversation with one another, but they cannot read or write letters to one another.  

== History ==

== History ==

Urdu was believed to have developed in 11th century in the [[Delhi Sultanate]], Urdu is evolved from [[Apabramsa]] of [[Shauraseni Prakrit]], Urdu is a major form of [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]], The origin of the name Urdu is the [[Chagatai language]]'s word for army, ''urdu''.  Basic Urdu is spoken the same as present-day [[Hindi]], but Hindi uses the traditional [[Devanagari|Devanagari script]] (from [[Sanskrit]]), whereas Urdu uses the [[Persian alphabet|Persio-Arabic alphabet]] and relies heavily on [[Persian language|Persian]] vocabulary. The poet [[Ghulam Hamadani Mushafi]] coined the term Urdu for this language in 1780. However, this began to alienate the two major cultures in India/Pakistan, the Muslims and Hindus. Hindus began to speak and write Hindi, whereas Muslims would begin to speak Urdu. This also lead to a need to "cleanse" Urdu of all its Sanskrit words and lead Hindi speakers to want to be rid of Persian words that remained in their language. in 1882 Arya Samaj argued that, Urdu should written in the [[Devanagari script]], which started the controversy named, Hindi-Urdu controversy, and makes a divide of Urdu language, Urdu for Muslims, and [[Hindi]] for Hindus.

Urdu was believed to have developed in 11th century in the [[Delhi Sultanate]], Urdu is evolved from [[Apabramsa]] of [[Shauraseni Prakrit]]. Urdu is a major form of [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]. The origin of the name Urdu is the [[Chagatai language]]'s word for army, ''urdu''.  Informal Urdu is spoken the exact same as modern-day informal [[Hindi]], with the exceptions of some vocabulary differences. Hindi uses the traditional [[Devanagari|Devanagari script]] (from [[Sanskrit]]), whereas Urdu uses the [[Persian alphabet|Persio-Arabic alphabet]] and relies heavily on [[Persian language|Persian]] vocabulary with influences from Arabic as well. The poet [[Ghulam Hamadani Mushafi]] coined the term Urdu for this language in 1780. However, this began to alienate the two major cultures in India/Pakistan, the Muslims and Hindus. Hindus began to speak and write Hindi, whereas Muslims would begin to speak Urdu. This also lead to a need to "cleanse" Urdu of all its Sanskrit words and lead Hindi speakers to want to be rid of Persian words that remained in their language. in 1882 Arya Samaj argued that, Urdu should written in the [[Devanagari script]], which started the controversy named, Hindi-Urdu controversy, and makes a divide of Urdu language, Urdu for Muslims, and [[Hindi]] for Hindus.

== Relations to Persian ==

== Relations to Persian ==

=== Similarities ===

=== Similarities ===

Urdu is written right to left like Farsi script. Urdu is also written in the Nasta’ liq style of Persian Calligraphy. Nastaliq style is a cursive script invented by Mīr ʿAlī of Tabrīz, a very famous calligrapher during the Timurid period (1402–1502).

Urdu is written right to left like Farsi (Persian) script. Urdu is also written in the Nasta’ liq style of Persian Calligraphy. Nastaliq style is a cursive script invented by Mīr ʿAlī of Tabrīz, a very famous calligrapher during the Timurid period (1402–1502).

== Levels of formality ==

== Levels of formality ==

== Common Words/Phrases in Urdu ==

== Common Words/Phrases in Urdu ==

== References ==

== References ==

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