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VHS cassettes can be recorded using a [[video camera]]. They can also be recorded with a [[videocassette recorder]], or VCR. A VCR can use a VHS cassette to record [[broadcast]] [[television]].

VHS cassettes can be recorded using a [[video camera]]. They can also be recorded with a [[videocassette recorder]], or VCR. A VCR can use a VHS cassette to record [[broadcast]] [[television]].

This system was created in [[1976]] by the Victor Company of [[Japan]] (also called [[JVC]]). VHS was a very popular way for people to record and play video at home in the [[1980s]] and [[1990s]], but now [[DVD]] ([[Digital Versatile Disc]]) and [[Blu-ray]] have become more popular as they can be easier to use, the quality is higher, they last longer, and the discs and players are cheaper to make. VHS VCRs, as well as blank tapes and pre-recorded VHS movies, are no longer made, except for a few independent films. Blank tapes are still widely available as [[new old stock]].

This system was created in [[1976]] by the Victor Company of [[Japan]] (also called [[JVC]]). VHS was a very popular way for people to record and play video at home in the [[1980s]] and [[1990s]], but now [[DVD]] ([[Digital Versatile Disc]]) and [[Blu-ray]] have become more popular as they can be easier to use, the quality is higher, they last longer, and the discs and players are cheaper to make. VHS VCRs, as well as blank tapes and pre-recorded VHS movies, are no longer made, except for blank tapes that are still widely available as [[new/old stock]].

 

== History ==

== History ==

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== Before VHS ==

=== Before VHS ===

{{details|Videotape}}

{{details|Videotape}}

Many companies developed different systems for recording video on a tape cassette, but the first VTR (short for [[Videocassette recorder|'''V'''ideo '''T'''ape '''R'''ecorder]]) to become popular and make money was the [[Quadruplex videotape|Ampex VRX-1000]], which was introduced in 1956 by [[Ampex|Ampex Corporation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cedmagic.com/history/ampex-commercial-vtr-1956.html |title=AMPEX VRX-1000 – The First Commercial Videotape Recorder in 1956 | publisher=CED Magic |accessdate=2013-03-24}}</ref> It cost US$50,000 in 1956 (over $400,000 in 2016 money), and US$300 (over $2,000 in 2016 money) for a 90-minute reel of tape. Because it was so expensive, it was made and sold only for professional recording.

Many companies developed different systems for recording video on a tape cassette, but the first VTR (short for [[Videocassette recorder|'''V'''ideo '''T'''ape '''R'''ecorder]]) to become popular and make money was the [[Quadruplex videotape|Ampex VRX-1000]], which was introduced in 1956 by [[Ampex|Ampex Corporation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cedmagic.com/history/ampex-commercial-vtr-1956.html |title=AMPEX VRX-1000 – The First Commercial Videotape Recorder in 1956 | publisher=CED Magic |accessdate=2013-03-24}}</ref> It cost US$50,000 in 1956 (over $400,000 in 2016 money), and US$300 (over $2,000 in 2016 money) for a 90-minute reel of tape. Because it was so expensive, it was made and sold only for professional recording.

Soon after, Sony and Matsushita stopped working on the project. They started to work on their own video recording formats. Sony started working on [[Betamax]] and Matsushita started working on [[VX (videocassette format)|VX]]. JVC released the CR-6060 in 1975, which was based on the U-matic format. Sony and Matsushita also produced their own U-matic machines.

Soon after, Sony and Matsushita stopped working on the project. They started to work on their own video recording formats. Sony started working on [[Betamax]] and Matsushita started working on [[VX (videocassette format)|VX]]. JVC released the CR-6060 in 1975, which was based on the U-matic format. Sony and Matsushita also produced their own U-matic machines.

 

== VHS development ==

=== VHS development ===

In 1971, JVC [[engineer]]s named Yuma Shiraishi and Shizuo Takano started a team to develop a VTR for people to use at home.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/20/world/shizuo-takano-68-an-engineer-who-developed-vhs-recorders.html |title=Shizuo Takano, 68, an Engineer Who Developed VHS Recorders |work=The New York Times |date=1992-01-20 |accessdate=2011-07-11 |first=Andrew |last=Pollack}}</ref>

In 1971, JVC [[engineer]]s named Yuma Shiraishi and Shizuo Takano started a team to develop a VTR for people to use at home.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/20/world/shizuo-takano-68-an-engineer-who-developed-vhs-recorders.html |title=Shizuo Takano, 68, an Engineer Who Developed VHS Recorders |work=The New York Times |date=1992-01-20 |accessdate=2011-07-11 |first=Andrew |last=Pollack}}</ref>

By the end of 1971, they created an [[diagram]] titled "VHS Development Matrix", which listed goals for JVC's new VTR.<ref name="rickmaybury">{{cite web|url=http://www.rickmaybury.com/Altarcs/homent/he97/vhstoryhtm.htm |title=VHS STORY – Home Taping Comes of Age |publisher=Rickmaybury.com |date=1976-09-07 |accessdate=2011-07-11}}</ref>

By the end of 1971, they created an [[diagram]] titled "VHS Development Matrix", which listed goals for JVC's new VTR.<ref name="rickmaybury">{{cite web|url=http://www.rickmaybury.com/Altarcs/homent/he97/vhstoryhtm.htm |title=VHS STORY – Home Taping Comes of Age |publisher=Rickmaybury.com |date=1976-09-07 |accessdate=2011-07-11}}</ref>

In 1972, video recording industry in Japan started to lose money. JVC had to find ways to spend less money, so it stopped developing the VHS project. However, Takano and Shiraishi continued to work on the project by themselves, even though the company was not giving them any money to use. By 1973, the two engineers had built a [[prototype]].<ref name="rickmaybury" />

In 1972, video recording industry in Japan started to lose money. JVC had to find ways to spend less money, so it stopped developing the VHS project. However, Takano and Shiraishi continued to work on the project by themselves, even though the company was not giving them any money to use. By 1973, the two engineers had built a [[prototype]].<ref name="rickmaybury" />

== Variants ==

== Variants ==

* '''VHS HQ''' (High Quality) adds 10 extra lines of horizontal resolution, and is playback-compatible on non-HQ equipment.

* '''VHS HQ''' (High Quality) adds 10 extra lines of horizontal resolution, and is playback-compatible on non-HQ equipment.

* '''Digital-S''' or '''D-9''' is a digital VHS variant designed for broadcasting, news gathering, or other professional use. It uses the DV codec and has a different tape formulation than standard VHS cassettes.

* '''Digital-S''' or '''D-9''' is a digital VHS variant designed for broadcasting, news gathering, or other professional use. It uses the DV codec and has a different tape formulation than standard VHS cassettes.

==References==

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

== References ==

{{Commonscat|VHS}}

{{Commonscat|VHS}}

{{reflist}}

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Entertainment]]

[[Category:Entertainment]]

[[Category:Electronics]]

[[Category:Electronics]]