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'''Turkish Airlines Flight 981''' was a regular flight operated by [[Turkish Airlines]], from [[Istanbul]] to [[London Heathrow]], with a stopover in [[Paris]]. On 3 March, 1974, the [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]]<ref name="ASN">{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740303-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network (ASN) |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> operating the flight suffered an explosive decompression and crashed into the [[Ermenonville Forest]], shortly after it had left Paris.<ref name="ASN" /> All 346 people on board were killed in the [[accident]].<ref name=HIST>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/faulty-door-dooms-plane |title=1974 Faulty door dooms plane |website=This Day in History |publisher=A&E Television Networks, LLC |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> An [[investigation|investigation]] after the crash found out that one of the cargo doors at the rear of the aircraft was not properly closed and secured.<ref name=HIST/> After takeoff, part of the door broke off and caused an [[explosion]] in the rear of the aircraft.<ref name=pilotfriend>{{cite web |url=http://www.pilotfriend.com/disasters/crash/turkish981.htm |title=Turkish 981 |publisher=PilotFriend |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> The explosion also damaged cables needed to fly the aircraft.<ref name=pilotfriend/> This meant that after the explosion, the aircraft was uncontrollable.<ref name=pilotfriend/>

'''Turkish Airlines Flight 981''' was a regular flight operated by [[Turkish Airlines]], from [[Istanbul]] to [[London Heathrow]], with a stopover in [[Paris]]. On 3 March, 1974, the [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]]<ref name="ASN">{{cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740303-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network (ASN) |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> operating the flight suffered an explosive decompression and crashed into the [[Ermenonville Forest]], shortly after it had left Paris, killing all 346 people on board. <ref name=HIST>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/faulty-door-dooms-plane |title=1974 Faulty door dooms plane |website=This Day in History |publisher=A&E Television Networks, LLC |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> An [[investigation|investigation]] after the crash found out that one of the cargo doors at the rear of the aircraft was not properly closed and secured.<ref name=HIST/> After takeoff, part of the door broke off and caused an [[explosion]] in the rear of the aircraft.<ref name=pilotfriend>{{cite web |url=http://www.pilotfriend.com/disasters/crash/turkish981.htm |title=Turkish 981 |publisher=PilotFriend |access-date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> The explosion also damaged cables needed to fly the aircraft.<ref name=pilotfriend/> This meant that after the explosion, the aircraft was uncontrollable.<ref name=pilotfriend/>

{{Infobox aircraft occurrence

{{Infobox aircraft occurrence

|occurrence_type =Accident

|occurrence_type =Accident

The flight was over [[Coulommiers, France]] at the time.<ref name="HIST" /> A rapid decompression caused the last two rows of seats to be [[suck|suck]]ed through a large hole in the plane.<ref name="HIST" /> The loss of the rear left cargo door caused a huge pressurization difference with the cabin right above it. This section was ripped off the aircraft, along with the six passengers seated there. However, the loss of the door resulted in pilots losing access to critical parts of the plane, including the rudder, elevator, and engine two.

The flight was over [[Coulommiers, France]] at the time.<ref name="HIST" /> A rapid decompression caused the last two rows of seats to be [[suck|suck]]ed through a large hole in the plane.<ref name="HIST" /> The loss of the rear left cargo door caused a huge pressurization difference with the cabin right above it. This section was ripped off the aircraft, along with the six passengers seated there. However, the loss of the door resulted in pilots losing access to critical parts of the plane, including the rudder, elevator, and engine two.

The six passengers in the seats were killed when they fell into a field in St. Pathus.<ref name="HIST" /> The plane remained in the air another 70 seconds while the pilots tried to regain control, unsuccessfully.<ref name="HIST" /> The aircraft's pitch angle gradually decreased to negative 20 degrees in the next 20 seconds after the explosion, resulting in the aircraft accumulating a massive amount of airspeed during its quick descent. In the final 15 seconds, the aircraft's descent rate began to decrease as the nose raised as a result of the aircraft's high speed. Captain Ulusman pushed the throttles forward to TO/GA in a last ditch effort to save the aircraft, calling out "Speed, speed!" The aircraft hit the tree tops at about 434 knots (500 mph; 800 km/h) at a negative 4 degree pitch angle; the wings broke up, spilling and igniting fuel, exploding and killing the remaining 340 passenger and crew on board on board. The plane almost completely [[disintegrate|disintegrate]]d leaving only 40 bodies intact.

The six passengers in the seats were killed when they fell into a field in St. Pathus.<ref name="HIST" /> The plane remained in the air another 70 seconds while the pilots tried to regain control, unsuccessfully.<ref name="HIST" /> The aircraft's pitch angle gradually decreased to negative 20 degrees in the next 20 seconds after the explosion, resulting in the aircraft accumulating a massive amount of airspeed during its quick descent. In the final 15 seconds, the aircraft's descent rate began to decrease as the nose raised as a result of the aircraft's high speed. Captain Ulusman pushed the throttles forward to TO/GA in a last ditch effort to save the aircraft, calling out "Speed, speed!" The aircraft hit the tree tops at about 434 knots (500 mph; 800 km/h) at a negative 4 degree pitch angle; the wings broke up, spilling, igniting fuel and exploding, killing everyone on board. The plane almost completely [[disintegrate|disintegrate]]d leaving only 40 bodies intact.

== Investigation ==

== Investigation ==

The investigation sparked blame on Turkish Airlines and Douglas itself since both were at fault for different parts of the crisis. The airline had failed to station an engineer on the ground and had reportedly rushed the training process for the DC-10. However, McDonnell-Douglas knew about the flaws with the door design and an NTSB directive after a similar incident had not been implemented.

The investigation sparked blame on Turkish Airlines and Douglas itself since both were at fault for different parts of the crisis. The airline had failed to station an engineer on the ground and had reportedly rushed the training process for the DC-10. However, McDonnell-Douglas knew about the flaws with the door design and an NTSB directive after a similar incident had not been implemented.