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KS update 1.3
For this example, capital letters are used for unknown letters, and lowercase letters are used to denote letters we know or can guess.
For this example, capital letters are used for unknown letters, and lowercase letters are used to denote letters we know or can guess.
By counting up the letters, we see that the most common is <tt>I</tt>, which we will guess is an <tt>e</tt>. <tt>X</tt> is also quite common, and <tt>XLI</tt> is found many times; we guess that this is <tt>the</tt>, the most common three-letter group in English.
By counting up the letters, we see that the most common is <samp>I</samp>, which we will guess is an <samp>e</samp>. <samp>X</samp> is also quite common, and <samp>XLI</samp> is found many times; we guess that this is "<samp>the</samp>", the most common three-letter group in English.
<tt>E</tt> is the second most common letter. We already have a guess for <tt>e</tt> and <tt>t</tt>, so we guess that <tt>E</tt> is <tt>a</tt>. We now have:
<samp>E</samp> is the second most common letter. We already have a guess for <samp>e</samp> and <samp>t</samp>, so we guess that <samp>E</samp> is <samp>a</samp>. We now have:
heVeTCSWPeYVaWHaVSReQMthaYVaOeaWHRtatePFaMVaWHKVSTYhtZetheKeetPeJVSZaYPaRRGaReM
heVeTCSWPeYVaWHaVSReQMthaYVaOeaWHRtatePFaMVaWHKVSTYhtZetheKeetPeJVSZaYPaRRGaReM
KTY
KTY
We can now make some more guesses: <tt>heVe</tt> may be <tt>here</tt>; <tt>Rtate</tt> may be <tt>state</tt>, and <tt>atthattMZe</tt> could be <tt>atthattime</tt>. Filling in these guesses, we get:
We can now make some more guesses: <samp>heVe</samp> may be <samp>here</samp>; <samp>Rtate</samp> may be <samp>state</samp>, and <samp>atthattMZe</samp> could be <samp>atthattime</samp>. Filling in these guesses, we get:
hereTCSWPeYraWHarSseQithaYraOeaWHstatePFairaWHKrSTYhtmetheKeetPeJrSmaYPassGasei
hereTCSWPeYraWHarSseQithaYraOeaWHstatePFairaWHKrSTYhtmetheKeetPeJrSmaYPassGasei
File:A-pigpen-message.svg|The SVG version of a sample en:pigpen cipher message. Original diagram for Wikipedia created in en:Dia.
File:A-pigpen-message.svg|The SVG version of a sample en:pigpen cipher message. Original diagram for Wikipedia created in en:Dia.
File:Babington postscript.jpg|The forged nomenclator message used in the [[Babington Plot]]
File:Babington postscript.jpg|The forged nomenclator message used in the [[Babington Plot]] in 1586
File:Nomenclator-French 17th cent.jpg|A French nomenclator code table
File:Nomenclator-French 17th cent.jpg|A French nomenclator code table