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Frederick, Prince of Wales (view source)

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[[File:YoungFrederickPrinceOfWales.jpg|thumb|150px|Prince Frederick, ca. 1724.]]  
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[[File:Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales by Charles Philips.jpg|thumb|150px| Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha 's Fredrick 's wife, ca. 1736.]]
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'''Frederick, Prince of Wales''', born Frederick Louis; (1 February 1707 – 31 March 1751) was the son of George II and Queen [[Caroline of Ansbach]] and the father of [[George III of the United Kingdom|King George III]].
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| caption            = [[Portrait]] of Frederick by Thomas Hudson in 1750
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He and his parents had many [[argument|arguments]]. He died in 1751 after a [[lung]] [[injury|injury]]. His son was his [[heir]].
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| birth_date        = 1 February 1707
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| death_date        = 31 March 1751
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| issue              = [[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick Wolfenbüttel]]<br/>[[George III]]<br/>[[Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany]]<br/>[[Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain|Princess Elizabeth]]<br/>[[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh]]<br/>[[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn]]<br/>[[Princess Louisa of Great Britain|Princess Louisa]]<br/>[[Prince Frederick of Great Britain|Prince Frederick]]<br/>[[Caroline Matilda of Wales|Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark]]
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| full name          = [[English language|English]]: ''Frederick Louis''<br/>[[German language|German]]:  ''Friedrich Ludwig''
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| father            =[[George II of Great Britain|George II]]
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| mother            =[[Caroline of Ansbach|Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach]]
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'''Frederick, Prince of Wales''' (1 February 1707 – 31 March 1751) was the son of [[George II of Great Britain|George II]] and Queen [[Caroline of Ansbach]] and the father of [[George III of the United Kingdom|King George III]]. For most of his life, he and his parents had a bad relationship. He had a rival [[Royal court|court]] to his parents and was a [[Patronage|patron]] of art and music. He also played cricket. He died before his father, so he never became a king.
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== Life ==
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== Childhood ==
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[[File:Frederick, Prince of Wales (anonymous).jpg|left|thumb|Prince Frederick when he was young, 1720]]
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Frederick Louis was born in 1707 in Hanover<ref>{{Cite web|title=Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales (1707-51)|url=https://www.rct.uk/collection/people/frederick-louis-prince-of-wales-1707-51|access-date=2025-09-14|website=www.rct.uk|language=en}}</ref> and he was the oldest [[son]] of [[George II of Great Britain|George]],<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales - National Portrait Gallery|url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp01678/frederick-louis-prince-of-wales|access-date=2025-09-14|website=www.npg.org.uk|language=en}}</ref> who was the heir to the [[kingdom]] of [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]], because he was the son of [[George I of Great Britain|George]], the [[Prince-elector]] of Hanover and heir to [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]] of Great Britain because she had no [[children]]. His [[mother]] was [[Caroline of Ansbach]]. When his [[grandfather]] George [[inherited]] Great Britain, Frederick's parents followed and left him behind in Hanover.<ref name=":0" /> This was in 1714,<ref name=":0" /> when he was seven years old and still a [[child]]. In Hanover, he learned English and was sent models (little copies) of British [[Warship|warships]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=BBC Four - The First Georgians: The German Kings Who Made Britain - Frederick Prince of Wales|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/41xVBDYmZgbmgwPNc9XlNY8/frederick-prince-of-wales|access-date=2025-09-14|website=BBC|language=en-GB}}</ref>
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== In Great Britain ==
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In 1728, Frederick finally came to Great Britain when his father became the new king in 1727.<ref name=":0" /> His father made him ''[[Prince of Wales]]'' in 1729.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Frederick Louis, prince of Wales {{!}} Heir Apparent, Hanoverian, Father of George III {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Louis-prince-of-Wales|access-date=2025-09-14|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Back when he was still a child in 1714, it was arranged that he would marry a [[daughter]] of the King of Prussia, [[Frederick William I of Prussia|Frederick William I]], but his bad relationship with his parents stopped it.<ref name=":2" /> A big part of the bad relationship with his parents was that his father the king gave him an [[allowance]] (money) that he thought wasn't big enough.<ref name=":2" />
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In 1736, Frederick was [[married]] to [[Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha|Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Alenburg]],<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2011-04-27|title=The Royal Wedding… of 1736 {{!}} University of Cambridge|url=https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/the-royal-wedding-of-1736|access-date=2025-09-14|website=www.cam.ac.uk|language=en}}</ref> a German princess. She was a daughter of the [[Duke]] of [[Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg]], Frederick II.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=isnt.co.uk|first=PixelToCode|title=Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales & family|url=https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/frederick-louis-prince-of-wales-family/|access-date=2025-09-14|website=Westminster Abbey|language=en}}</ref> They had met just a few days before the wedding, and Augusta met Frederick's father before, in Hanover.<ref name=":3" /> Her parents had told her that there was no need to learn English, as Britain was ruled for 20 years by German princes by that time.<ref name=":3" /> His sisters were upset that he tried to change seating arrangements for meals so that Augusta took precedence over them.<ref name=":3" />
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Frederick was considered to be physically unattractive; he had a small and delicate build,<ref name=":1" /> his hair was "yellowish", his face "not handsome; his eyes grey like a cat and very dull".<ref name=":1" /> But he was charming, having "something so very engaging and easy in his behaviour", being really amusing.<ref name=":1" /> His father thought he was too impatient to be king.
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[[File:The Family of Frederick, Prince of Wales.jpg|thumb|''The Family of Frederick, Prince of Wales'', 1751. This portrait was probably requested by his wife, Augusta. It was painted by George Knapton after Frederick died.<ref>{{Cite web|title=George Knapton (1698-1778) - The Family of Frederick, Prince of Wales|url=https://www.rct.uk/collection/405741/the-family-of-frederick-prince-of-wales|access-date=2025-09-14|website=www.rct.uk|language=en}}</ref>]]
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== Death ==
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Frederick died in the [[March]] of 1751,<ref name=":4" /> when he was 44 years old. His death was blamed on an [[abscess]] in his [[lung]] that popped.<ref name=":4" /> His wife [[Childbirth|gave birth]] to their last child, [[Caroline Matilda of Wales|Caroline Matilda]], after he died. Augusta lived until 1772, and five of their children are [[Burial|buried]] with them in [[Westminster Abbey]].<ref name=":4" /> Their [[Gravestone|gravestones]] say:<blockquote><blockquote>FREDERICK LEWIS P. OF WALES 1751</blockquote><blockquote>AUGUSTA PRINCESS DOWAGER OF WALES 1772<ref name=":4" /></blockquote></blockquote>When the old king George II died, Frederick's oldest son became king [[George III]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 September 2025|title=Frederick, Prince of Wales|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG27862|website=The British Museum}}</ref>
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== Children ==
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{{Unsourced section|date=September 2025}}
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
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!Name!!Birth!!Death!!Notes
 
!Name!!Birth!!Death!!Notes
 
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|[[File:Augusta Frederika 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|233x233px]]
 
|[[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Princess Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick]]||31 August 1737||31 March 1813||married, 1764, [[Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg|Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick]]; had issue
 
|[[Princess Augusta of Great Britain|Princess Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick]]||31 August 1737||31 March 1813||married, 1764, [[Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg|Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick]]; had issue
 
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|[[File:George, Prince of Wales, later George III, 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]
 
|[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]||4 June 1738||29 January 1820||married, 1761, [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]; had issue
 
|[[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]]||4 June 1738||29 January 1820||married, 1761, [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]; had issue
 
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|-
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|[[File:Edward Augustus, Duke of York 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|235x235px]]
 
|[[Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany|Prince Edward, Duke of York]]||14 March 1739||17 September 1767||
 
|[[Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany|Prince Edward, Duke of York]]||14 March 1739||17 September 1767||
 
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|-
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|[[File:Elizabeth Caroline 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|236x236px]]
 
|[[Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain|Princess Elizabeth]]||30 December 1740||4 September 1759||
 
|[[Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain|Princess Elizabeth]]||30 December 1740||4 September 1759||
 
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|[[File:William Henry, Duke of Gloucester 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|230x230px]]
 
|[[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]||14 November 1743||25 August 1805||married, 1766, [[Maria, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Maria Waldegrave, Countess Waldegrave]]; had issue
 
|[[Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester]]||14 November 1743||25 August 1805||married, 1766, [[Maria, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh|Maria Waldegrave, Countess Waldegrave]]; had issue
 
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|-
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|[[File:Henry Frederick, Duke of Cumberland 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|228x228px]]
 
|[[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn|Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland]]||27 November 1745||18 September 1790||<!--an alleged marriage to [[Olive Wilmot]] in 1767 did not occur-->married, 1771, [[Anne, Duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn|Anne Horton]]; no issue
 
|[[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn|Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland]]||27 November 1745||18 September 1790||<!--an alleged marriage to [[Olive Wilmot]] in 1767 did not occur-->married, 1771, [[Anne, Duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn|Anne Horton]]; no issue
 
|-
 
|-
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|[[File:Louisa Anne 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]
 
|[[Princess Louisa of Great Britain|Princess Louisa]]||8 March 1749||13 May 1768||
 
|[[Princess Louisa of Great Britain|Princess Louisa]]||8 March 1749||13 May 1768||
 
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|-
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|[[File:Frederick William 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|231x231px]]
 
|[[Prince Frederick of Great Britain|Prince Frederick]]||13 May 1750||29 December 1765||
 
|[[Prince Frederick of Great Britain|Prince Frederick]]||13 May 1750||29 December 1765||
 
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|-
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|[[File:Caroline Matilda 1754 by Liotard.jpg|frameless|226x226px]]
 
|[[Caroline Matilda of Wales|Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway]]||11 July 1751||10 May 1775||married, 1766, [[Christian VII of Denmark|Christian VII, King of Denmark and Norway]]; had issue
 
|[[Caroline Matilda of Wales|Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway]]||11 July 1751||10 May 1775||married, 1766, [[Christian VII of Denmark|Christian VII, King of Denmark and Norway]]; had issue
 
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== Frederick, Prince Of Wales Media ==
 
== Frederick, Prince Of Wales Media ==
 
<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>
 
<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>
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File:Frederick, Prince of Wales (anonymous).jpg|Prince Frederick, {{Circa|1720}}
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File:Frederick, Prince of Wales, and his sisters by Philip Mercier.jpg|The Prince of Wales {{c.}} 1733, with his sisters [[Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Anne]], [[Princess Caroline of Great Britain|Caroline]] and [[Princess Amelia of Great Britain|Amelia]]
 
File:Frederick, Prince of Wales, and his sisters by Philip Mercier.jpg|The Prince of Wales {{c.}} 1733, with his sisters [[Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange|Anne]], [[Princess Caroline of Great Britain|Caroline]] and [[Princess Amelia of Great Britain|Amelia]]
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File:Britannia mourning the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, c. 1751, St. James's Factory, London, glassy soft-paste porcelain - Gardiner Museum, Toronto - DSC00833.JPG|Britannia mourning the death of the Prince of Wales, c. 1751
 
File:Britannia mourning the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, c. 1751, St. James's Factory, London, glassy soft-paste porcelain - Gardiner Museum, Toronto - DSC00833.JPG|Britannia mourning the death of the Prince of Wales, c. 1751
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File:Coat of Arms of the Hanoverian Princes of Wales (1714-1760).svg|Coat of Arms of the Hanoverian Princes of Wales (1714-1760)
   
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== Other websites ==
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== References ==
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* [http://www.royal.gov.uk/HistoryoftheMonarchy/HistoryoftheMonarchy.aspx History of the Monarchy - The Official Website of the British Monarchy]
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{{Reflist}}{{Princes of Wales}}
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* [http://www.regiments.org/biography/royals/1707fred.htm Frederick Lewis, Prince of Wales] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209235705/http://www.regiments.org/biography/royals/1707fred.htm |date=2005-02-09 }}
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* [http://www.wardsbookofdays.com/24march.htm Unusual royal deaths at ''Ward's Book of Days'']
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* {{cite web|url=http://www.jl.sl.btinternet.co.uk/stampsite/cricket/main.html|title=From Lads to Lord's; The History of Cricket: 1300 – 1787|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110629134518/http://www.jl.sl.btinternet.co.uk/stampsite/cricket/main.html|archivedate=2011-06-29|access-date=2009-02-19|url-status=dead}}
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* [http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/r09.html#I323 Henry Churchyard "Royal Genealogies, Part 9"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504051407/http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/~saw/royal/r09.html#I323 |date=2009-05-04 }}
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* [http://www.anusha.com/pafg733.htm#24060 Sam Sloan "Big Combined Family Trees (pafg744)"]
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== Bibliography ==
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* [[F S Ashley-Cooper]], ''At the Sign of the Wicket: Cricket 1742-1751'', ''Cricket'' Magazine, 1900
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* [[G B Buckley]], ''Fresh Light on 18th Century Cricket'', Cotterell, 1935
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* [[AA Thomson|Thomson, Arthur Alexander]]: ''Odd Men In: A Gallery of Cricket Eccentics'' (The Pavilion Library, 1985).
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* [[H T Waghorn]], ''Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730-1773)'', Blackwood, 1899
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* H T Waghorn, ''The Dawn of Cricket'', Electric Press, 1906
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* Michael De-la-Noy, ''The King Who Never Was: The Story of Frederick, Prince of Wales'', London; Chester Springs, PA: Peter Owen, 1996.
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* John Walters, ''The Royal Griffin: Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1707-51'', London: Jarrolds, 1972.
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{{Princes of Wales}}
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{{bio-stub}}
      
[[Category:Princes and Princesses of Wales]]
 
[[Category:Princes and Princesses of Wales]]
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