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== Uses ==

== Uses ==

In March 2014, surgeons in Swansea used 3D printed parts to rebuild the face of a motorcyclist who had been badly injured in a road accident.{{cn}}[[File:HCC 3D printed turbine view 1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|A 3D printed engine]]

In March 2014, surgeons in Swansea used 3D printed parts to rebuild the face of a motorcyclist who had been badly injured in a road accident.{{cn}}[[File:HCC 3D printed turbine view 1.jpg|thumb|300x300px|A 3D printed engine]]

== Manufacturing ==

== Manufacturing ==

In 2014, a supercar was made by a Swedish company that utilizes many 3D printed components. [https://www.bookurbee.com/ Urbee] was the first car in the world to have its bodywork and windows 3D printed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://truthout.org/articles/the-urbee-3d-printed-car-coast-to-coast-on-10-gallons/|title=The "Urbee" 3D-Printed Car: Coast to Coast on 10 Gallons?|last=Eternity|first=Max|website=Truthout|language=en-US|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=3D Printed Car Creator Discusses Future of the Urbee|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vI12MqoYQto|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref>

In 2014, a supercar was made by a Swedish company that utilizes many 3D printed components. Urbee was the first car in the world to have its bodywork and windows 3D printed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://truthout.org/articles/the-urbee-3d-printed-car-coast-to-coast-on-10-gallons/|title=The "Urbee" 3D-Printed Car: Coast to Coast on 10 Gallons?|last=Eternity|first=Max|website=Truthout|language=en-US|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=3D Printed Car Creator Discusses Future of the Urbee|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vI12MqoYQto|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref>

In 2015, a [[Royal Air Force]] [[Eurofighter Typhoon]] fighter jet flew with 3D printed parts. The [[United States Air Force]] has begun to work with 3D printers, and the [[:en:Israeli_Air_Force|Israeli Air Force]] has also purchased a 3D printer to print spare parts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4684682,00.html|title=The 3D printer revolution comes to the IAF|date=July 27, 2015|website=Ynetnews|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019|last1=Zitun |first1=Yoav }}</ref>  

In 2015, a [[Royal Air Force]] [[Eurofighter Typhoon]] fighter jet flew with 3D printed parts. The [[United States Air Force]] has begun to work with 3D printers, and the [[:en:Israeli_Air_Force|Israeli Air Force]] has also purchased a 3D printer to print spare parts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4684682,00.html|title=The 3D printer revolution comes to the IAF|date=July 27, 2015|website=Ynetnews|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019|last1=Zitun |first1=Yoav }}</ref>  

[[File:3D printed sugar cube.gk.jpg|thumb|A 3D printed sugar cube]]

[[File:3D printed sugar cube.gk.jpg|thumb|A 3D printed sugar cube]]

== Food ==

== Food ==

Food can be 3D printed. Lots of different foods can be printed, like chocolate and candy, and also flat foods such as crackers, pasta, and pizza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://futurism.com/nasa-astronauts-can-now-3d-print-pizzas-in-space|title=NASA Astronauts Can Now 3D-Print Pizzas in Space|website=Futurism|language=en|access-date=December 3, 2019}}</ref> NASA is  3D printing food to create less waste and to make food that has all the right nutrients for astronauts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/feature_3d_food.html|title=3D Printing: Food in Space|last=Hall|first=Loura|date=June 7, 2013|website=NASA|language=en|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-date=March 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304230157/https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/feature_3d_food.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2018, [[:en:Giuseppe_Scionti|Giuseppe Scionti]] printed a food that was similar to meat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://3dprinting.com/news/researchers-develop-plant-based-steak-printing-method/|title=Researchers Develop Plant Based Steak Printing Method|date=September 28, 2018|website=3D Printing|language=en-US|access-date=December 3, 2019}}</ref>[[File:3D Printed Ancient Egyptian Figurine 1.png|thumb|3D printed Egyptian Pharaoh for sale on Threeding |alt=]]

Food can be 3D printed. Lots of different foods can be printed, like chocolate and candy, and also flat foods such as crackers, pasta, and pizza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://futurism.com/nasa-astronauts-can-now-3d-print-pizzas-in-space|title=NASA Astronauts Can Now 3D-Print Pizzas in Space|website=Futurism|language=en|access-date=December 3, 2019}}</ref> [[NASA]] is  3D printing food to create less waste and to make food that has all the right nutrients for astronauts.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/feature_3d_food.html|title=3D Printing: Food in Space|last=Hall|first=Loura|date=June 7, 2013|website=NASA|language=en|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-date=March 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304230157/https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/home/feature_3d_food.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2018, [[:en:Giuseppe_Scionti|Giuseppe Scionti]] printed a food that was similar to meat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://3dprinting.com/news/researchers-develop-plant-based-steak-printing-method/|title=Researchers Develop Plant Based Steak Printing Method|date=September 28, 2018|website=3D Printing|language=en-US|access-date=December 3, 2019}}</ref>[[File:3D Printed Ancient Egyptian Figurine 1.png|thumb|3D printed Egyptian Pharaoh for sale on Threeding |alt=]]

== Guns ==

== Guns ==

In 2012, [[Defense Distributed]] uploaded files to the internet for a [[:en:3D_printed_firearm|3D printed gun]] "that could be downloaded and reproduced by anybody with a 3D printer". After Defense Distributed released their plans, people were worried that they may cause problems with [[gun control]]{{cn}} A year later, in May 2013, the [[U.S. state|US State]] Department asked [[Defense Distributed]] to take down the plans, which they did.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/05/state-department-defense-distributed-3d-printed-gun-plans/315405/|title=State Department Asks Defense Distributed to Take Down Its 3D-Printed Gun Plans|last=Bump|first=Philip|date=May 9, 2013|website=The Atlantic|language=en-US|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref>

In 2012, [[Defense Distributed]] uploaded files to the [[internet]] for a [[:en:3D_printed_firearm|3D printed gun]] "that could be downloaded and reproduced by anybody with a 3D printer". After Defense Distributed released their plans, people were worried that they may cause problems with [[gun control]]{{cn}} A year later, in May 2013, the [[U.S. state|US State]] Department asked [[Defense Distributed]] to take down the plans, which they did.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/05/state-department-defense-distributed-3d-printed-gun-plans/315405/|title=State Department Asks Defense Distributed to Take Down Its 3D-Printed Gun Plans|last=Bump|first=Philip|date=May 9, 2013|website=The Atlantic|language=en-US|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref>

'''Education'''

'''Education'''

In the last several years 3D printing has been used to make sure that important things from history are safe.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Scopigno|first1=R.|last2=Cignoni|first2=P.|last3=Pietroni|first3=N.|last4=Callieri|first4=M.|last5=Dellepiane|first5=M.|title=Digital Fabrication Techniques for Cultural Heritage: A Survey: Fabrication Techniques for Cultural Heritage|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/cgf.12781|journal=Computer Graphics Forum|date=January 2017 |language=en|volume=36|issue=1|pages=6–21|doi=10.1111/cgf.12781|s2cid=26690232}}</ref> Many museums have bought 3D printers and are making pieces to fix their relics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.3ders.org/articles/20150714-museum-uses-3d-printing-to-take-fragile-maquette-by-thomas-hart-benton-on-tour.html|title=3ders.org - Museum uses 3D printing to take fragile maquette by Thomas Hart Benton on tour through the States {{!}} 3D Printer News & 3D Printing News|date=November 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117014241/http://www.3ders.org/articles/20150714-museum-uses-3d-printing-to-take-fragile-maquette-by-thomas-hart-benton-on-tour.html|access-date=November 22, 2019|archive-date=2015-11-17}}</ref> The [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] and the [[British Museum]] have started using their 3D printers to make replicas to sell in the gift shop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/british-museum-releases-scans-of-artefacts-to-let-you-3d-print-your-own-museum-at-home-9837654.html|title=British Museum releases 3D printer scans of artefacts|date=November 4, 2014|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref> The National Museum of Military History and Varna Historical Museum sell digital versions of their items online, which everyone can 3D print at home.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://3dprint.com/45699/threeding-artec-museum/|title=Threeding Uses Artec 3D Scanning Technology to Catalog 3D Models for Bulgaria's National Museum of Military History|last=O'Neal|first=Bridget|date=2015-02-20|website=3DPrint.com}}</ref>

In the last several years 3D printing has been used to make sure that important things from history are safe.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Scopigno|first1=R.|last2=Cignoni|first2=P.|last3=Pietroni|first3=N.|last4=Callieri|first4=M.|last5=Dellepiane|first5=M.|title=Digital Fabrication Techniques for Cultural Heritage: A Survey: Fabrication Techniques for Cultural Heritage|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/cgf.12781|journal=Computer Graphics Forum|date=January 2017 |language=en|volume=36|issue=1|pages=6–21|doi=10.1111/cgf.12781|s2cid=26690232}}</ref> Many museums have bought 3D printers and are making pieces to fix their relics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.3ders.org/articles/20150714-museum-uses-3d-printing-to-take-fragile-maquette-by-thomas-hart-benton-on-tour.html|title=3ders.org - Museum uses 3D printing to take fragile maquette by Thomas Hart Benton on tour through the States {{!}} 3D Printer News & 3D Printing News|date=November 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117014241/http://www.3ders.org/articles/20150714-museum-uses-3d-printing-to-take-fragile-maquette-by-thomas-hart-benton-on-tour.html|access-date=November 22, 2019|archive-date=2015-11-17}}</ref> The [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] and the [[British Museum]] have started using their 3D printers to make replicas to sell in the gift shop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/british-museum-releases-scans-of-artefacts-to-let-you-3d-print-your-own-museum-at-home-9837654.html|title=British Museum releases 3D printer scans of artefacts|date=November 4, 2014|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=November 22, 2019}}</ref> The National Museum of Military History and Varna Historical Museum sell digital versions of their items online, which everyone can 3D print at home.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://3dprint.com/45699/threeding-artec-museum/|title=Threeding Uses Artec 3D Scanning Technology to Catalog 3D Models for Bulgaria's National Museum of Military History|last=O'Neal|first=Bridget|date=2015-02-20|website=3DPrint.com}}</ref>

== 3D Printing Noise ==

== 3D Printing Noise ==

3d printers do produce noise as its operation involves a lot of vibration. The University of Michigan<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harmful Noise Levels {{!}} Michigan Medicine|url=https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tf4173#:~:text=A%20sound%27s%20loudness%20is%20measured,concert%20is%20about%20120%20dB.|access-date=2022-07-17|website=www.uofmhealth.org}}</ref> shown how much sound does a 3D printer may produce. Their research shows that sounds more than 85 DB is harmful for human. However, the good 3d printers with silent [[motherboard]] may limit the noise up to 55 DB. (decibals) Still there are plenty of manufacturers who could not even identify the best way of reducing 3D printer's noise. But, there are some techniques that can help you to identify the quiet 3D printers<ref>{{Cite web|last=Heer_Alina|date=2022-06-29|title=What makes a 3D Printer Noisy|url=https://www.digthisout.com/best-quiet-3d-printer/|access-date=2022-07-17|website=Dig This Out|language=en-US}}</ref> and prepare yourself to reduce the noise at a substantial level.

3d printers do produce noise as its operation involves a lot of vibration. The [[University of Michigan]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harmful Noise Levels {{!}} Michigan Medicine|url=https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tf4173#:~:text=A%20sound%27s%20loudness%20is%20measured,concert%20is%20about%20120%20dB.|access-date=2022-07-17|website=www.uofmhealth.org}}</ref> shown how much sound does a 3D printer may produce. Their research shows that sounds more than 85 DB is harmful for human. However, the good 3d printers with silent [[motherboard]] may limit the noise up to 55 DB. (decibals) Still there are plenty of manufacturers who could not even identify the best way of reducing 3D printer's noise. But, there are some techniques that can help you to identify the quiet 3D printers<ref>{{Cite web|last=Heer_Alina|date=2022-06-29|title=What makes a 3D Printer Noisy|url=https://www.digthisout.com/best-quiet-3d-printer/|access-date=2022-07-17|website=Dig This Out|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and prepare yourself to reduce the noise at a substantial level.

There are plenty of things to consider such as fan size and its rotation, stepper motor and the stepper drivers' performance etc. However, the noise may also arise due to dust clogged in the extruder or lack of maintenance.  

There are plenty of things to consider such as fan size and its rotation, stepper motor and the stepper drivers' performance etc. However, the noise may also arise due to dust clogged in the extruder or lack of maintenance.  

A recent study by Boston University<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ghaffarivardavagh|first1=Reza|last2=Nikolajczyk|first2=Jacob|last3=Anderson|first3=Stephan|last4=Zhang|first4=Xin|date=2019-01-04|title=Ultra-open acoustic metamaterial silencer based on Fano-like interference|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024302|journal=Physical Review B|volume=99|issue=2|pages=024302|doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024302|s2cid=127981201 }}</ref> has shown that a simple trick can minimize the 3D printing sound considerably. So far, this is the last progress in this area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What happens if 3D Printer runs out of Filament|url=https://3dprintersfilament.blogspot.com/2023/03/what-happens-if-3d-printer-runs-out-of.html|access-date=2023-03-25|website=What happens if 3D Printer runs out of Filament}}</ref>

A recent study by Boston University<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ghaffarivardavagh|first1=Reza|last2=Nikolajczyk|first2=Jacob|last3=Anderson|first3=Stephan|last4=Zhang|first4=Xin|date=2019-01-04|title=Ultra-open acoustic metamaterial silencer based on Fano-like interference|url=https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024302|journal=Physical Review B|volume=99|issue=2|pages=024302|doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.99.024302|s2cid=127981201 }}</ref> has shown that a simple trick can minimize the 3D printing sound considerably. So far, this is the last progress in this area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What happens if 3D Printer runs out of Filament|url=https://3dprintersfilament.blogspot.com/2023/03/what-happens-if-3d-printer-runs-out-of.html|access-date=2023-03-25|website=What happens if 3D Printer runs out of Filament}}</ref>

== 3D Printing Media ==

== 3D Printing Media ==

File:Doob NY SOHO 3D selfie photo booth IMG 4939 FRD.jpg|3D models can be generated from 2D pictures taken at a 3D photo booth.

File:Doob NY SOHO 3D selfie photo booth IMG 4939 FRD.jpg|3D models can be generated from 2D pictures taken at a 3D photo booth.

File:Hyperboloid Print.webm|3:30 timelapse of an 80-minute video of an object being made out of [[Polylactic acid|PLA]] using molten polymer deposition

File:Hyperboloid Print.webm|3:30 timelapse of an 80-minute video of an object being made out of [[Polylactic acid|PLA]] using molten polymer deposition