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KS update 1.4
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Iraq
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|{{native name|ar|جُمْهُورِيَّةُ الْعِرَاقِ|italics=off}}|{{native name|ku|كُومَارَى عِئراق|italics=off}}}}{{!}}{{native name|syr| ܓܡܗܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ|italics=off}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
| common_name = Iraq
| image_flag = File:Flag of Iraq.svg
| image_coat = [[File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1991–2004).svg|65px]]
| symbol_type = Emblem
| image_map = Iraq (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map2 = Iraq - Location Map (2013) - IRQ - UNOCHA.svg
| national_motto = {{native phrase|ar|الله أكبر|italics=off}}<br />"[[Takbir|Allahu Akbar]]" {{small|([[transliteration]])<br />"[[God in Islam|God]] is the Greatest"}}
| national_anthem = "[[Mawtini]]"<br />{{lang|ar|"موطني"}}<br />({{Lang-en|"My Homeland"}})<br />[[File:United States Navy Band - Mawtini.ogg]]<!--<br />''[[Ardh Alforatain]]''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(previous)}}-->
| capital = [[Baghdad]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|33|20|N|44|26|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]
| religion = [[Islam]], [[Christianity]], [[Yazidis]]m
| demonym = Iraqi
| government_type = [[Federalism|Federal]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of Iraq|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Nizar Amidi]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Ali al-Zaidi]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of Speakers of the Council of Representatives of Iraq|Speakers of the Council of Representatives]]
| leader_name3 = [[Mohamed al-Halbousi]]
| leader_title4 = [[Federal Supreme Court of Iraq|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name4 = [[Medhat al-Mahmoud]]
| legislature = [[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]
| area_rank = 58th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_km2 = 437,072
| area_sq_mi = 169,234 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water = 1.1
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Iraq}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate_rank = 36th
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_census =
| population_census_year =
| population_density_km2 = 82.7
| population_density_sq_mi = 183.9 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 125th
| GDP_PPP = $695 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=63&pr.y=8&sy=2018&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=433&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Iraq |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank = 34th
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $17,429<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 71st
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal = $223 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_rank = 47th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $5,601<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 88th
| sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] {{nobold|from the [[United Kingdom]]}}
| established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Iraq|Kingdom]]
| established_date1 = {{start date|1932|10|03|df=y}}
| established_event2 = [[14 July Revolution|Republic declared]]
| established_date2 = 14 July 1958
| established_event3 = [[Constitution of Iraq|Current constitution]]
| established_date3 = 15 October 2005
| Gini_year = 2012
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini = 29.5 <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=World Bank GINI index |publisher=Data.worldbank.org |accessdate=2016-08-17 }}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 2017<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI = 0.685 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf |title=2018 Human Development Report |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | page=9}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 120th
| currency = [[Iraqi dinar]]
| currency_code = IQD
| time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]]
| utc_offset = +3
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Iraq|+964]]
| cctld = [[.iq]]
| footnote_a = Constitution of Iraq, Article 4 (1st).
}}
'''Iraq''' is a country in southwestern [[Asia]]. Iraq borders [[Saudi Arabia]] and [[Kuwait]] to the south, [[Turkey]] to the north, [[Syria]] to the northwest, [[Jordan]] to the west, and [[Iran]] to the east. The capital of Iraq is [[Baghdad]].
Iraq has been known by the [[Greek language|Greek]] name [[Mesopotamia]], which means ''(Land between the rivers)'' and has been home to [[successive|successive]] civilizations since the 6th millennium [[BC]]. The region between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers is often referred to as a [[cradle of civilization]] and the birthplace of writing. Iraq was part of several empires, including the [[Safavid dynasty|Safavid]] and [[Afsharid dynasty|Afsharid]] dynasties. During [[World War I]]'s Mesopotamian Campaign, [[British Empire|British]] troops conquered the [[Ottoman Empire]] provinces of [[Basra]] and [[Baghdad]] and later added the province of [[Mosul]] to form Iraq.
Most Iraqis are [[Shia Islam|Shia Muslims]], though there is a significant [[Sunni Muslim]] minority.
== Politics ==
From 1968 to 2003, Iraq was ruled by the [[Ba'ath Party]]. [[Saddam Hussein]] was the [[president]] from 1979 until the disbandment of the Iraq Ba'ath Party in 2003.
After the 1990 [[Iraqi invasion of Kuwait]], the [[United States]] led a 42-country coalition including the [[United Kingdom]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[France]], [[Italy]], and [[Pakistan]] to free [[Kuwait]] from Iraqi occupation. Later, agents believed to be sent by Saddam Hussein tried to kill former President George H. W. Bush with a truck bomb in Kuwait.
The [[Kurdistan Region]] gained autonomy in the 1990s. Kurdistan has its own parliament and army known as the [[Peshmerga]].
The March [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] was led by [[United States|American]], [[United Kingdom|British]], [[Australia]]n, [[France|French]], [[Denmark|Danish]] and [[Poland|Polish]] forces. This began the [[Iraq War]]. They captured [[Baghdad]] and forced the ruling Ba'ath Party of Iraq to surrender. The publicly stated reason for the invasion was that Saddam Hussein refused to let [[United Nations]] inspectors look for suspected nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. In 1988, [[Halabja massacre|Saddam Hussein used chemical weapons]] to kill Iraqi [[Kurds]] while trying to suppress a Kurdish rebellion in the northern part of the country. Iraq had researched how to make biological and nuclear weapons.
The country was initially split into three zones: the American occupation zone, the British occupation zone, and the Polish occupation zone, similar to the way Germany was divided after [[World War II]]. Forces from [[Denmark]] controlled areas in the British occupation zone. A new temporary government was formed on June 28, 2004.
U.S., British and multinational troops stayed in the country until December 15, 2011 when the Iraq War ended and coalition forces withdrew from Iraq. Tensions between religious groups ([[Shia]] and [[Sunni]] [[Muslim]]s, as well as [[Christian]]s) led to much [[instability]] in the country.
== Geography ==
[[File:Iraq provinces Numbered (2024).png|left|thumb|The [[Governorates of Iraq]]]]
The country lies between two rivers; for this reason the area was called [[Mesopotamia]] in ancient times. The rivers [[Euphrates]] and [[Tigris]] bound what is called the [[Fertile Crescent]]. Iraq also has a small coastline along the Persian Gulf, and this coastline was considered the heart of the [[petroleum]] trade in Iraq before the [[First Gulf War]]. The weather is extremely hot and dry because Iraq is far from seas and [[ocean]]s and even the close ones are blocked by mountains so that the rainy wind can not reach the inlands. This region has fertile land because of the two rivers.
Iraq is divided into 18(discluding partially recognized halabja)[[Governorate]]s (''muhafazah''). also the Iraqi Constitution has recognized only one autonomous federal region inside Iraq, the name of the region is [[Kurdistan Region]], this region consists of the three Governorates(and one partially recognized one)of Duhok ( دهوك ), Erbil ( اربيل ), As-Sulaymaniyah (السليمانية ) and Halabja (حلبجة)
Kurdistan Region Governorates are marked in '''bold.'''
Partially recognized Governorate are marked in ''Italic''.
{| align="center"
|-----
|
#[[Al Anbar Governorate|Al-Anbar]] (الانبار)
#[[Erbil Governorate|'''Erbil''']] ('''اربيل''')
#[[Babil Governorate|Babil]] (بابل)
#[[Baghdad Governorate|Baghdad]] (بغداد)
#[[Basra Governorate|Basra]] (بصرة)
#[[Dhi Qar Governorate|Dhi Qar]] (ذي قار)
#[[Duhok Governorate|'''Duhok''']] ('''دهوك''')
#[[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]] (ديالى)
#'''''[[Halabja]]''''' ('''''حلبجة''''')
|
<ol start="10">
<li>[[Karbala Governorate|Karbala]] (كربلاء)
<li>[[Kirkuk Governorate|Kirkuk]] (کركوك)
<li>[[Muthanna Governorate|Muthanna]] (المثنى)
<li>[[Maysan Governorate|Maysan]] (ميسان)
<li>[[Nineveh Governorate|Nineveh]] (نينوى)
<li>[[Najaf Governorate|Najaf]] (نجف)
<li>[[Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate|Qadisiyah]] (قادسية)
<li>[[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]] (صلاح الدين)
<li>[[Sulaymaniyah Governorate|'''Sulaymaniyah''']] ('''السليمانية''')
<li>[[Wasit Governorate|Wasit]] (واسط)
</ol>
|}
== Economy ==
Iraq has a large amount of [[petroleum|oil]]. Iraq is the world's number four in petroleum production and the world's number two in petroleum reserves. In the past, Iraq sold much of this oil to other countries. After Iraq invaded Kuwait in August [[1990]], the [[United Nations]] stopped Iraq from selling the oil. The United Nations later allowed Iraq to sell some oil to buy food, clothes, and medicine so the people would not suffer as much. This was called the "[[Oil-for-Food]]" program.
== Iraq Media ==
<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>
File:Iraq (orthographic).svg|Location of Iraq, in Western Asia.
File:United States Navy Band - Mawtini.ogg|United States Navy Band - Mawtini
File:Shanidar Cave - overview.jpg|The [[Shanidar Cave]], where the remains of eight adult and two infant [[Neanderthal]]s, dating from around 65,000–35,000 years ago were found
File:Neo-Babylonian Empire under Nabonidus map.png|The [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]] under [[Nabonidus]] ({{reign|556 BC|539 BC}}) at its greatest territorial extent
File:Abbasid Caliphate 850AD.png|[[Abbasid Caliphate]] with capitals in Baghdad and [[Abbasid Samarra|Samarra]] c. 850
File:Nouri_Al-Saeed,_1950s.jpg|[[Nuri al-Said|Nuri Pasha al-Said]] (1888–1958) served eight terms as [[Prime Minister of Iraq|prime minister]] during [[Mandatory Iraq]] and the [[Kingdom of Iraq|Hashemite Kingdom]]
File:Saddam_Hussein_1980.jpg|Iraqi president Saddam Hussein
File:Koppen-Geiger Map v2 IRQ 1991–2020.svg|Köppen–Geiger climate classification
File:Iraq great zab.png|A valley in the north of the region, through which the [[Great Zab]] flows
</gallery>
== Related pages ==
* [[Iraq at the Olympics]]
* [[Iraq national football team]]
* [[List of rivers of Iraq]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Other websites ==
{{commons-inline|Iraq}}
{{asia}}
{{Middle East}}
[[Category:Mesopotamia]]
[[Category:Members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:Iraq| ]]
[[Category:1924 establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:1932 establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:20th-century establishments in Iraq]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 1920s]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 1930s]]
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Iraq
| native_name = {{unbulleted list|{{native name|ar|جُمْهُورِيَّةُ الْعِرَاقِ|italics=off}}|{{native name|ku|كُومَارَى عِئراق|italics=off}}}}{{!}}{{native name|syr| ܓܡܗܘܪܝܬܐ ܕܥܝܪܐܩ|italics=off}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
| common_name = Iraq
| image_flag = File:Flag of Iraq.svg
| image_coat = [[File:Coat of arms of Iraq (1991–2004).svg|65px]]
| symbol_type = Emblem
| image_map = Iraq (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map2 = Iraq - Location Map (2013) - IRQ - UNOCHA.svg
| national_motto = {{native phrase|ar|الله أكبر|italics=off}}<br />"[[Takbir|Allahu Akbar]]" {{small|([[transliteration]])<br />"[[God in Islam|God]] is the Greatest"}}
| national_anthem = "[[Mawtini]]"<br />{{lang|ar|"موطني"}}<br />({{Lang-en|"My Homeland"}})<br />[[File:United States Navy Band - Mawtini.ogg]]<!--<br />''[[Ardh Alforatain]]''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(previous)}}-->
| capital = [[Baghdad]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|33|20|N|44|26|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]]
| religion = [[Islam]], [[Christianity]], [[Yazidis]]m
| demonym = Iraqi
| government_type = [[Federalism|Federal]] [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of Iraq|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Nizar Amidi]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Ali al-Zaidi]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of Speakers of the Council of Representatives of Iraq|Speakers of the Council of Representatives]]
| leader_name3 = [[Mohamed al-Halbousi]]
| leader_title4 = [[Federal Supreme Court of Iraq|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name4 = [[Medhat al-Mahmoud]]
| legislature = [[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]]
| area_rank = 58th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_km2 = 437,072
| area_sq_mi = 169,234 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water = 1.1
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Iraq}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate_rank = 36th
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_census =
| population_census_year =
| population_density_km2 = 82.7
| population_density_sq_mi = 183.9 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 125th
| GDP_PPP = $695 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=63&pr.y=8&sy=2018&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=433&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Iraq |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank = 34th
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $17,429<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 71st
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal = $223 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_rank = 47th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $5,601<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 88th
| sovereignty_type = [[Independence]] {{nobold|from the [[United Kingdom]]}}
| established_event1 = [[Kingdom of Iraq|Kingdom]]
| established_date1 = {{start date|1932|10|03|df=y}}
| established_event2 = [[14 July Revolution|Republic declared]]
| established_date2 = 14 July 1958
| established_event3 = [[Constitution of Iraq|Current constitution]]
| established_date3 = 15 October 2005
| Gini_year = 2012
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini = 29.5 <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=World Bank GINI index |publisher=Data.worldbank.org |accessdate=2016-08-17 }}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 2017<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI = 0.685 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf |title=2018 Human Development Report |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | page=9}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 120th
| currency = [[Iraqi dinar]]
| currency_code = IQD
| time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]]
| utc_offset = +3
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Iraq|+964]]
| cctld = [[.iq]]
| footnote_a = Constitution of Iraq, Article 4 (1st).
}}
'''Iraq''' is a country in southwestern [[Asia]]. Iraq borders [[Saudi Arabia]] and [[Kuwait]] to the south, [[Turkey]] to the north, [[Syria]] to the northwest, [[Jordan]] to the west, and [[Iran]] to the east. The capital of Iraq is [[Baghdad]].
Iraq has been known by the [[Greek language|Greek]] name [[Mesopotamia]], which means ''(Land between the rivers)'' and has been home to [[successive|successive]] civilizations since the 6th millennium [[BC]]. The region between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers is often referred to as a [[cradle of civilization]] and the birthplace of writing. Iraq was part of several empires, including the [[Safavid dynasty|Safavid]] and [[Afsharid dynasty|Afsharid]] dynasties. During [[World War I]]'s Mesopotamian Campaign, [[British Empire|British]] troops conquered the [[Ottoman Empire]] provinces of [[Basra]] and [[Baghdad]] and later added the province of [[Mosul]] to form Iraq.
Most Iraqis are [[Shia Islam|Shia Muslims]], though there is a significant [[Sunni Muslim]] minority.
== Politics ==
From 1968 to 2003, Iraq was ruled by the [[Ba'ath Party]]. [[Saddam Hussein]] was the [[president]] from 1979 until the disbandment of the Iraq Ba'ath Party in 2003.
After the 1990 [[Iraqi invasion of Kuwait]], the [[United States]] led a 42-country coalition including the [[United Kingdom]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[France]], [[Italy]], and [[Pakistan]] to free [[Kuwait]] from Iraqi occupation. Later, agents believed to be sent by Saddam Hussein tried to kill former President George H. W. Bush with a truck bomb in Kuwait.
The [[Kurdistan Region]] gained autonomy in the 1990s. Kurdistan has its own parliament and army known as the [[Peshmerga]].
The March [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] was led by [[United States|American]], [[United Kingdom|British]], [[Australia]]n, [[France|French]], [[Denmark|Danish]] and [[Poland|Polish]] forces. This began the [[Iraq War]]. They captured [[Baghdad]] and forced the ruling Ba'ath Party of Iraq to surrender. The publicly stated reason for the invasion was that Saddam Hussein refused to let [[United Nations]] inspectors look for suspected nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons. In 1988, [[Halabja massacre|Saddam Hussein used chemical weapons]] to kill Iraqi [[Kurds]] while trying to suppress a Kurdish rebellion in the northern part of the country. Iraq had researched how to make biological and nuclear weapons.
The country was initially split into three zones: the American occupation zone, the British occupation zone, and the Polish occupation zone, similar to the way Germany was divided after [[World War II]]. Forces from [[Denmark]] controlled areas in the British occupation zone. A new temporary government was formed on June 28, 2004.
U.S., British and multinational troops stayed in the country until December 15, 2011 when the Iraq War ended and coalition forces withdrew from Iraq. Tensions between religious groups ([[Shia]] and [[Sunni]] [[Muslim]]s, as well as [[Christian]]s) led to much [[instability]] in the country.
== Geography ==
[[File:Iraq provinces Numbered (2024).png|left|thumb|The [[Governorates of Iraq]]]]
The country lies between two rivers; for this reason the area was called [[Mesopotamia]] in ancient times. The rivers [[Euphrates]] and [[Tigris]] bound what is called the [[Fertile Crescent]]. Iraq also has a small coastline along the Persian Gulf, and this coastline was considered the heart of the [[petroleum]] trade in Iraq before the [[First Gulf War]]. The weather is extremely hot and dry because Iraq is far from seas and [[ocean]]s and even the close ones are blocked by mountains so that the rainy wind can not reach the inlands. This region has fertile land because of the two rivers.
Iraq is divided into 18(discluding partially recognized halabja)[[Governorate]]s (''muhafazah''). also the Iraqi Constitution has recognized only one autonomous federal region inside Iraq, the name of the region is [[Kurdistan Region]], this region consists of the three Governorates(and one partially recognized one)of Duhok ( دهوك ), Erbil ( اربيل ), As-Sulaymaniyah (السليمانية ) and Halabja (حلبجة)
Kurdistan Region Governorates are marked in '''bold.'''
Partially recognized Governorate are marked in ''Italic''.
{| align="center"
|-----
|
#[[Al Anbar Governorate|Al-Anbar]] (الانبار)
#[[Erbil Governorate|'''Erbil''']] ('''اربيل''')
#[[Babil Governorate|Babil]] (بابل)
#[[Baghdad Governorate|Baghdad]] (بغداد)
#[[Basra Governorate|Basra]] (بصرة)
#[[Dhi Qar Governorate|Dhi Qar]] (ذي قار)
#[[Duhok Governorate|'''Duhok''']] ('''دهوك''')
#[[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]] (ديالى)
#'''''[[Halabja]]''''' ('''''حلبجة''''')
|
<ol start="10">
<li>[[Karbala Governorate|Karbala]] (كربلاء)
<li>[[Kirkuk Governorate|Kirkuk]] (کركوك)
<li>[[Muthanna Governorate|Muthanna]] (المثنى)
<li>[[Maysan Governorate|Maysan]] (ميسان)
<li>[[Nineveh Governorate|Nineveh]] (نينوى)
<li>[[Najaf Governorate|Najaf]] (نجف)
<li>[[Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate|Qadisiyah]] (قادسية)
<li>[[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]] (صلاح الدين)
<li>[[Sulaymaniyah Governorate|'''Sulaymaniyah''']] ('''السليمانية''')
<li>[[Wasit Governorate|Wasit]] (واسط)
</ol>
|}
== Economy ==
Iraq has a large amount of [[petroleum|oil]]. Iraq is the world's number four in petroleum production and the world's number two in petroleum reserves. In the past, Iraq sold much of this oil to other countries. After Iraq invaded Kuwait in August [[1990]], the [[United Nations]] stopped Iraq from selling the oil. The United Nations later allowed Iraq to sell some oil to buy food, clothes, and medicine so the people would not suffer as much. This was called the "[[Oil-for-Food]]" program.
== Iraq Media ==
<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>
File:Iraq (orthographic).svg|Location of Iraq, in Western Asia.
File:United States Navy Band - Mawtini.ogg|United States Navy Band - Mawtini
File:Shanidar Cave - overview.jpg|The [[Shanidar Cave]], where the remains of eight adult and two infant [[Neanderthal]]s, dating from around 65,000–35,000 years ago were found
File:Neo-Babylonian Empire under Nabonidus map.png|The [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]] under [[Nabonidus]] ({{reign|556 BC|539 BC}}) at its greatest territorial extent
File:Abbasid Caliphate 850AD.png|[[Abbasid Caliphate]] with capitals in Baghdad and [[Abbasid Samarra|Samarra]] c. 850
File:Nouri_Al-Saeed,_1950s.jpg|[[Nuri al-Said|Nuri Pasha al-Said]] (1888–1958) served eight terms as [[Prime Minister of Iraq|prime minister]] during [[Mandatory Iraq]] and the [[Kingdom of Iraq|Hashemite Kingdom]]
File:Saddam_Hussein_1980.jpg|Iraqi president Saddam Hussein
File:Koppen-Geiger Map v2 IRQ 1991–2020.svg|Köppen–Geiger climate classification
File:Iraq great zab.png|A valley in the north of the region, through which the [[Great Zab]] flows
</gallery>
== Related pages ==
* [[Iraq at the Olympics]]
* [[Iraq national football team]]
* [[List of rivers of Iraq]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Other websites ==
{{commons-inline|Iraq}}
{{asia}}
{{Middle East}}
[[Category:Mesopotamia]]
[[Category:Members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]]
[[Category:Iraq| ]]
[[Category:1924 establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:1932 establishments in Asia]]
[[Category:20th-century establishments in Iraq]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 1920s]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 1930s]]