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'''Raymond Gosling''' (15 July 1926 – 18 May 2015) was a [[British people|British]] [[biophysics|biophysicist]]. He was known for doing [[X-ray diffraction]] studies on [[DNA]]. These studies were the first step in understanding the [[3-D]] structure of DNA. He did these studies as a doctoral student in the research group headed by [[Maurice Wilkins]] at [[Kings College London]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Wilkins M; Gosling R. & Seeds W. 1951 | title = Physical studies of nucleic acid | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1951-05-12_167_4254/page/758 | journal = Nature | year = 1951 | volume = 167 | issue = 4254 | pages = 759–760 | pmid = 14833383|bibcode = 1951Natur.167..759W |doi = 10.1038/167759a0 | s2cid = 4298106 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Gosling R. ''et al'' 2011 | doi = 10.1038/472283a | title = Seven ages of the PhD | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2011-04-21_472_7343/page/282 | journal = Nature | year = 2011 | volume = 472 | issue = 7343 | pages = 283–286 | pmid =  21512550| pmc = | bibcode = 2011Natur.472..283G | s2cid = 4416716 }}</ref>

'''Raymond Gosling''' (15 July 1926 – 18 May 2015) was a [[British people|British]] [[biophysics|biophysicist]]. He was known for doing [[X-ray diffraction]] studies on [[DNA]]. These studies were the first step in understanding the [[3-D]] structure of DNA. He did these studies as a doctoral student in the research group headed by [[Maurice Wilkins]] at [[Kings College London]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Wilkins M; Gosling R. & Seeds W. 1951 | title = Physical studies of nucleic acid | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1951-05-12_167_4254/page/758 | journal = Nature | year = 1951 | volume = 167 | issue = 4254 | pages = 759–760 | pmid = 14833383|bibcode = 1951Natur.167..759W |doi = 10.1038/167759a0 | s2cid = 4298106 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Gosling R. ''et al'' 2011 | doi = 10.1038/472283a | title = Seven ages of the PhD | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2011-04-21_472_7343/page/282 | journal = Nature | year = 2011 | volume = 472 | issue = 7343 | pages = 283–286 | pmid =  21512550| pmc = | bibcode = 2011Natur.472..283G | s2cid = 4416716 }}</ref>

Gosling's first supervisor was A.R. Stokes of the Physics Department. By 1950, Gosling's diffraction photographs were described by Wilkins at the time as "much better than [[Astbury]]'s, and almost like single crystals".<ref>Wilkins M.H.F. 1950. Letter to Markham, 15 June 1950, quoted in Olby, Robert 1974. ''The path to the  double helix''. Seattle: Unversity of Washington Prss, 333/4. {{ISBN|0-295-95359-4}}</ref>

Gosling's first supervisor was A.R. Stokes of the Physics Department. By 1950, Gosling's diffraction photographs were described by Wilkins at the time as "much better than [[Astbury]]'s, and almost like single crystals".<ref>Wilkins M.H.F. 1950. Letter to Markham, 15 June 1950, quoted in Olby, Robert 1974. ''The path to the  double helix''. Seattle: University of Washington Prss, 333/4. {{ISBN|0-295-95359-4}}</ref>

Gosling was re-assigned to [[Rosalind Franklin]] when she joined Wilkins' group in 1951. For the next two years, they worked closely together to improve the X-ray diffraction photography of DNA and get a sharper image. Gosling made the X-ray diffraction image of DNA known as "Photo 51".<ref name="nature12806">{{cite journal |url=http://www.nature.com/news/due-credit-1.12806 |title=Due credit |journal=Nature |volume=496 |page=270 |date= 2013 |issue=7445 |doi=10.1038/496270a|pmid=23607133 }}</ref> This work led directly to the 1963 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] being awarded to [[Francis Crick]], [[James D. Watson]] and [[Maurice Wilkins]]. Gosling was the co-author with Franklin of one of the three DNA double helix papers published in ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' in April 1953.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Franklin R.E. & Gosling R.G. 1953 | doi = 10.1038/171740a0 | title = Molecular configuration in sodium thymonucleate | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1953-04-25_171_4356/page/740 | journal = Nature | year = 1953 | volume = 171 | issue = 4356 | pages = 740–741  | pmid =  13054694| pmc = | bibcode = 1953Natur.171..740F | s2cid = 4268222 }}</ref>

Gosling was re-assigned to [[Rosalind Franklin]] when she joined Wilkins' group in 1951. For the next two years, they worked closely together to improve the X-ray diffraction photography of DNA and get a sharper image. Gosling made the X-ray diffraction image of DNA known as "Photo 51".<ref name="nature12806">{{cite journal |url=http://www.nature.com/news/due-credit-1.12806 |title=Due credit |journal=Nature |volume=496 |page=270 |date= 2013 |issue=7445 |doi=10.1038/496270a|pmid=23607133 }}</ref> This work led directly to the 1963 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] being awarded to [[Francis Crick]], [[James D. Watson]] and [[Maurice Wilkins]]. Gosling was the co-author with Franklin of one of the three DNA double helix papers published in ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' in April 1953.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Franklin R.E. & Gosling R.G. 1953 | doi = 10.1038/171740a0 | title = Molecular configuration in sodium thymonucleate | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1953-04-25_171_4356/page/740 | journal = Nature | year = 1953 | volume = 171 | issue = 4356 | pages = 740–741  | pmid =  13054694| pmc = | bibcode = 1953Natur.171..740F | s2cid = 4268222 }}</ref>