Transfer case
A transfer case is a part of the drivetrain of four-wheel drive, all-wheel drive, and other multiple powered axle vehicles. Typically a transfer case is used to engage (and disengage) the four-wheel drive function.[1] When disengaged, most four-wheel drive systems operate in two wheel drive (engaging just the rear axle and wheels). For that reason two-wheel drive vehicles do not need a transfer case.
The transfer case transfers the power from the transmission to the front and rear axles by means of drive shafts.[2] The transfer case synchronizes the rotation of the front and rear wheels so they turn at exactly the same speed. It usually contains two or more sets of gears. It has a 1:1 ratio drive (usually called high range) for normal city and highway use. Then it contains a low range gear for off-road use. A common low range gear ratios is 2.72:1. That means for every 2.72 rotations of the transmission output shaft, the transfer case will turn both driveshafts 1 rotation. The Jeep Wrangler Rubicon model uses a 4:1 low range gearing.
Drive types
There are two different types of internal power-transfer mechanism found in most transfer cases.
Gear-driven
Gear-driven transfer cases use sets of gears to transmit power to the front and rear driveshafts.[3] These are generally strong, heavy units that are used in large trucks. There are currently gear drive cases in production for light trucks and SUVs.
Chain-driven
Chain-driven transfer cases use a chain to transmit power to the axles.[3] Chain-driven transfer cases are quieter, lighter and less expensive to manufacture than gear-driven units. They are used in vehicles such as compact trucks, full size trucks, Jeeps and SUVs. Some off-road driving enthusiasts modify their vehicles to use gear-driven transfer casesto gain the extra strength they provide.[4]
Transfer Case Media
Inside of a 231 New Process Gear transfer case. Part-time/Manual, shift on the fly
The levers for the front axle (left) and low range gears (right) connected to the transfer case on a Kubota tractor. The transfer case is currently in high-range, rear-wheel-drive. The foot pedal locks the rear axle.
References
- ↑ Drew Hardin (1 March 2002). "How Transfer Cases Work". Fourwheeler Network. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
- ↑ Dan Rich. ""Simply Put" 4×4 Transfer Case". Bill Burke's 4-Wheeling America. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Transfer Case Overview - From an FJC Perspective". Raw Mind Engineering. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
- ↑ Jay Kopycinski (1 July 2002). "Toyota Transfer Case Rebuild & Upgrades - Toyota T-Case Beef". Four Wheeler Network/TEN. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
