Tughlaq dynasty
The Tughlaq dynasty (also known as Tughluq or Tughluk dynasty; Persian: تغلق شاهیان) was the third dynasty to rule over the Delhi sultanate in medieval India.[1] Its reign started in 1320 in Delhi when Ghazi Malik assumed the throne under the title of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. The dynasty ended in 1413.[2][3][4]
The dynasty expanded its territorial reach through a military campaign led by Muhammad Bin Tughluq, and reached its zenith between 1330 and 1335. It ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for this brief period.[5][6]
Tughlaq Dynasty Media
Flag of the Delhi Tughlaq Sultanate according to the Catalan Atlas
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ordered the construction of Tughlakabad, a city near Delhi with a fort, to protect the Delhi Sultanate from Mongol attacks. Above is the Tughlaq fort, now in ruins.
Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq leading his troops in the capture of the city of Tirhut, from the Basātin al-uns by Ikhtisān-i Dabir, a member of the Tughluq court. Ca.1410 Jalayirid copy of 1326 Tughlaq dynasty lost original. Istanbul, Topkapi Palace Museum Library, Ms. R.1032.
Gold coinage of Muhammad bin Tughluq (r. 1325–1351 )
A map showing the expansion of Delhi Sultanate from 1320 (dark green) to 1330. The map also shows the location of the new temporary capital under Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Early Mughal painting of Muhammad bin Tughlaq on the throne (1534)
A base metal coin of Muhammad bin Tughlaq that led to an economic collapse.
Wazirabad mosque, near Delhi, was built during Firoz Shah Tughlaq reign.
City of Delhi ("ciutat de delly"), capital of the Tughlaqs, in the Catalan Atlas (1375).
Mughal painting depicting the court of Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq.
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References
- ↑ Lombok, E.J. Brill's First Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol 5, ISBN 90-04-09796-1, pp 30, 129-130
- ↑ Edmund Wright (2006), A Dictionary of World History, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780192807007
- ↑ Sen, Sailendra. A Textbook of Medieval Indian History (2013)Primus Books. p. 90–102. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ↑ Eaton, Richard Maxwell. The Sufis of Bijapur, 1300-1700: Social Roles of Sufis in Medieval India (in en) (2015-03-08)Princeton University Press. p. 41–42. ISBN 978-1-4008-6815-5.
- ↑ Jackson, Peter. The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History (2003). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521543293.
- ↑ W. Haig (1958), The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, Volume 3, Cambridge University Press, pp 153-163