Xenophon

Xenophon, Greek historian

Xenophon (c. 430 – 354 BC), also known as Xenophon of Athens, was a Greek historian, soldier, mercenary, philosopher and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates. He is known for his writings on the history of his own times, the 4th century BC. He preserved the sayings of Socrates, and descriptions of life in ancient Greece and the Persian Empire.

His most famous book was the Anabasis, about the escape of Greek mercenaries after they fought for Cyrus the Younger, a pretender to the throne of Persia.

Xenophon Media

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  Route of Xenophon and the Ten Thousand (red line) in the Achaemenid Empire. The satrapy of Cyrus the Younger is delineated in green.

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  Xenophon leading his Ten Thousand through Persia to the Black Sea. 19th-century illustration

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  Xenophon's Anabasis.

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  Xenophon, Aphrodisias Museum.

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  Xenophon's Cyropaedia.

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  Bas-reliefs of Persian soldiers together with Median soldiers are prevalent in Persepolis. The ones with rounded caps are Median.

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  Fragments of Xenophon's Hellenica, Papyrus PSI 1197, Laurentian Library, Florence.

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  Xenophon's Agesilaus

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  Statue of Xenophon in front of the Austrian parliament

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  Xenophon dictating his history, illustration from 'Hutchinson's History of the Nations', 1915