KidzSearch Wiki

2020 Beirut explosion

(Redirected from 2020 Beirut explosions)

Coordinates: 33°54′04″N 35°31′05″E / 33.9010°N 35.5181°E / 33.9010; 35.5181

On 4 August 2020, an explosion happened in the city of Beirut, the capital of Lebanon.[1][2][3]

2020 Beirut explosion
'middle'" } ]}, "properties": { "enter": { "text": {"field": "text"}, "x": {"field": "layout_x" }, "y": {"field": "layout_y"}, "dx": {"field": "textDx" }, "dy": {"field": "textDy"}, "fill": {"field": "textColor"}, "align": {"field": "textAlign"}, "baseline": {"field": "textBaseline"}, "radius": {"field": "textRadius"}, "theta": {"field": "textTheta"}, "angle": {"field": "textAngle"}, "font": {"field": "textFont"}, "fontSize": {"field": "textFontSize"}, "fontWeight": {"field": "textFontWeight"}, "fontStyle": {"field": "textFontStyle"} } } }, { // Draw a low-zoom locator map frame "type": "rect", "from": { "data": "dummyData", "transform": [ { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" } ] }, "properties": { "enter": { "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"}, "width": {"signal": "picWidth", "offset":2}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"}, "stroke": {"value":"#fff"},"strokeWidth": {"value":6} } } }, { // Draw a low-zoom locator map by using a premade world map image "type": "image", "from": { "data": "dummyData", "transform": [ { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" }, { "type": "formula", "field":"url", "expr": "1" } ] }, "properties": { "enter": { "url": {"value": "wikirawupload:"}, "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"}, "width": {"signal": "picWidth"}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"} } } }, { // Draw a zoom-out mark at the [lan,lon] location "type": "symbol", "from": { "data": "dummyData", "transform": [ { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" }, { "type": "formula", "field":"lat", "expr": "imgLat" }, { "type": "formula", "field":"lon", "expr": "imgLon" }, { "type": "geo", "projection": "equirectangular", "scale": {"expr": "180/2/PI"}, "translate": [{"expr": "picXC"}, {"expr": "picYC"}], "center": [{"expr": "0"}, {"expr": "0"}], "lon": "lon", "lat": "lat" } ] }, "properties": { "enter": { "x": {"field": "layout_x"}, "y": {"field": "layout_y"}, "fill": {"value": "#c33"}, "stroke": {"value": "#ffe7e6"}, "size": {"value": 40} } } } ] } </graph> [Full screen]
The aftermath of the explosion.
<graph>

{ 

 //
 // ATTENTION: This code is maintained at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Template:Graph:Street_map_with_marks
 //            Please do not modify it anywhere else, as it may get copied and override your changes.
 //            Suggestions can be made at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Template_talk:Graph:Street_map_with_marks
 //
 // Template translation is in https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Data:Original/Template:Graphs.tab
 //
 "version": 2, "width":, "height": , "padding": 0,
 "signals":[
   // These signals allow us to quickly move the map within the image, e.g. to leave space for the legend

{"name":"legendWidth", "init": {"expr": "0"} }, 

   {"name":"legendHeight", "init": {"expr": "height"} },
   {"name":"imgWidth", "init": {"expr": "width-legendWidth"} },
   {"name":"imgHeight", "init": {"expr": "height"} },
   {"name":"imgXC", "init": {"expr": "imgWidth/2"} },
   {"name":"imgYC", "init": {"expr": "imgHeight/2"} },
   {"name":"imgTileSize", "init": {"expr": "256"} },
   {"name":"imgLat", "init": {"expr": "33.901"} },
   {"name":"imgLon", "init": {"expr": "35.5181"} },
   {"name":"imgZoom", "init": {"expr": ""} },
   {"name":"picWidth", "init": {"expr": "180"} },
   {"name":"picHeight", "init": {"expr": "picWidth/2"} },
   {"name":"picXC", "init": {"expr": "imgWidth-(picWidth/2)"} },
   {"name":"picYC", "init": {"expr": "imgHeight-(picHeight/2)"} },
   {"name":"showMiniMap", "init": {"expr": "0"} }
 ],
 "data": [
   {
     "name": "data",

// Otherwise use the first unnamed argument for source values 

     "values": [  { "lat": 33.901, 
    "lon": 35.5181, 
    "img": "wikirawupload:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Mapscaleline.svg/120px-Mapscaleline.svg.png", 
    "width": 50, 
    "height": 8, 
    "offsetX": Expression error: Unexpected / operator., 
    "offsetY": Expression error: Unexpected / operator., 
    "textAlign": "right", 
    "textDx": 22, 
    "textDy": -2, 
    "textColor": "grey", 
    "textFont": "Tahoma", 
    "textFontSize": 9, 
    "text":  "10 000km" }

, { "lat": 33.901, "lon": 35.5181, Expression error: Unexpected = operator. "text": "Port of Beirut", "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": , "textColor": "#AA1205"


}


, { "lat": 0.1, "lon": 0.1, Expression error: Unexpected = operator. "text": "", "textAlign": "right", "textBaseline": "middle", "textDx": 0, "textDy": 1, "textFontSize": , "textColor": "#AA1205"


} 
















     ],
     "transform": [

       {
         "type": "geo",
         "projection": "mercator",
         "scale": {"expr": "imgTileSize/PI/2*pow(2,imgZoom)"},
         "translate": [{"expr": "imgXC"}, {"expr": "imgYC"}],
         "center": [{"expr": "imgLon"}, {"expr": "imgLat"}],
         "lon": "lon", "lat": "lat"
       },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"layout_x", "expr": "datum.layout_x + (datum.offsetX || 0)" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"layout_y", "expr": "datum.layout_y + (datum.offsetY || 0)" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"color", "expr": "datum.color || '#c33'" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"textColor", "expr": "datum.textColor || datum.color" },
       { "type": "formula", "field":"strokeColor", "expr": "datum.strokeColor || '#ffe7e6'" }
     ]
   },
   {
     // Hack: single value data source for drawing/hiding images and other non-series elements
     "name": "dummyData",
     "values": [{}]
   }
 ],

// Legend only works if showLegend and colorScaleField are set 

 "marks": [
   {
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "formula", "field":"url", "expr": "'mapsnapshot:///?width='+imgWidth+'&height='+imgHeight+'&zoom='+imgZoom+'&lat='+imgLat+'&lon='+imgLon" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"field": "url"},
         "xc": {"signal": "imgXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "imgYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "imgWidth"}, "height": {"signal": "imgHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Places an image of a given name and size at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "datum.img" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"iconWidth", "expr": "datum.width || 0" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"iconHeight", "expr": "datum.height || 0" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"img",
           "expr": "if(!test(/^[a-z]+:\\/\\//, datum.img), 'wikifile:///'+datum.img, datum.img)" },
         // Ensure that either width or height parameter is passed to wikifile:// request
         { "type": "formula", "field":"img",
           "expr": "if((datum.iconWidth || datum.iconHeight) && !test(/[?&](width|height)=\\d/, datum.img),if(datum.iconWidth,datum.img+'?width='+datum.iconWidth,datum.img+'?height='+datum.iconHeight), datum.img)" }
     ]},
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"field": "img"},
         "xc": {"field": "layout_x"}, "yc": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "width": {"field": "iconWidth"}, "height": {"field": "iconHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw marks of a given color, shape, and size at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "symbol",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [{ "type": "filter", "test": "!datum.img" }]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "x": {"field": "layout_x"},
         "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         // If colorScaleField is set, use color scaling, otherwise use the preset color value
         "fill": { "field": "color" },
         "size": {"field": "size"},
         "shape": {"field": "shape"},
         "stroke": {"field": "strokeColor"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw text with the given color and size at the [lan,lon] location
     // See https://github.com/vega/vega/wiki/Marks#text for all parameter description (prepend "text" and capitalize them)
     "type": "text",
     "from": {
       "data": "data",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "datum.text" },
         // Figure out if this is an LTR or RTL page. For LTR, show label to the right of the icon, left-aligned. For RTL, reverse.
         { "type": "formula", "field":"isLTR", "expr": "'‎' == '\\u200E'" },
         // If these values are not defined ("undefined" is not allowed, so test for truthiness and not 0)
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textDx", "expr": "if(!datum.textDx && datum.textDx != 0, if(datum.isLTR,8,-8), datum.textDx)" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textAlign", "expr": "if(!datum.textAlign, if(datum.isLTR,'left','right'), datum.textAlign)" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"textBaseline", "expr": "datum.textBaseline || 'middle'" }
     ]},
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "text": {"field": "text"},
         "x": {"field": "layout_x" },
         "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "dx": {"field": "textDx" },
         "dy": {"field": "textDy"},
         "fill": {"field": "textColor"},
         "align": {"field": "textAlign"},
         "baseline": {"field": "textBaseline"},
         "radius": {"field": "textRadius"},
         "theta": {"field": "textTheta"},
         "angle": {"field": "textAngle"},
         "font": {"field": "textFont"},
         "fontSize": {"field": "textFontSize"},
         "fontWeight": {"field": "textFontWeight"},
         "fontStyle": {"field": "textFontStyle"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a low-zoom locator map frame
     "type": "rect",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "picWidth", "offset":2}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"},
         "stroke": {"value":"#fff"},"strokeWidth": {"value":6}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a low-zoom locator map by using a premade world map image
     "type": "image",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"url", "expr": "1" }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "url": {"value": "wikirawupload:"},
         "xc": {"signal": "picXC"}, "yc": {"signal": "picYC"},
         "width": {"signal": "picWidth"}, "height": {"signal": "picHeight"}
       }
     }
   },
   {
     // Draw a zoom-out mark at the [lan,lon] location
     "type": "symbol",
     "from": {
       "data": "dummyData",
       "transform": [
         { "type": "filter", "test": "showMiniMap" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"lat", "expr": "imgLat" },
         { "type": "formula", "field":"lon", "expr": "imgLon" },
         {
           "type": "geo",
           "projection": "equirectangular",
           "scale": {"expr": "180/2/PI"},
           "translate": [{"expr": "picXC"}, {"expr": "picYC"}],
           "center": [{"expr": "0"}, {"expr": "0"}],
           "lon": "lon", "lat": "lat"
         }
       ]
     },
     "properties": {
       "enter": {
         "x": {"field": "layout_x"}, "y": {"field": "layout_y"},
         "fill": {"value": "#c33"},
         "stroke": {"value": "#ffe7e6"},
         "size": {"value": 40}
       }
     }
   }
 ]

} </graph>

Date4 August 2020 (2020-08-04)
LocationBeirut, Lebanon
Coordinates33°54′10.62″N 35°31′4.04″E / 33.9029500°N 35.5177889°E / 33.9029500; 35.5177889
Injuries7,500+
Missing9+
Property damage$10-15 billion
North of Beirut Port.jpg
1
1
The explosion happened behind the grain elevator in this picture.
The site of the explosion. The tall structure on the left is the grain elevator in the other picture.

The blast happened at the Port of Beirut and left at least 220 people dead (with the total expected to go higher), at least 7,500 injured, and many more missing.[4][5][6][7][8] The Governor of Beirut, Marwan Abboud, said over 300,000 people lost their homes.[8]

It is said that the explosion may have been caused by 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical substance that can be used for fertilizer. It can also be used to make explosives. The government took the ammonium nitrate from a ship in the port of Damascus, the MV Rhosus. The MV Rhosus had been abandoned in the port, after the Lebanese government said it was no longer fit to travel by sea. The ammonium nitrate was then stored in the port, for at least six years. This may have been without the proper precautions. There are various regulations how ammonium nitrate should be stored, and handled. In its pure form, ammonium nitrate does not burn; but it increases fires a great deal. It should therefore not be stored near flammable substances, and it should not be heated in a closed space. It is also very sensitive to temperature.

Before the big explosion, here seems to have been a fire in a part of the warehouse, where fireworks were stored. The ammonium nitrate was stored in the same building.

The explosion has been compared to three thousand tonnes of TNT.[9][10]

Some countries offered medical aid, rescue teams and money to help deal with the aftermath of the disaster.

2020 Beirut Explosion Media

  • The moment of the explosion was captured during an interview with Faissal Al Assil, head of the Moroccan Agency for Sustainable Energy, by Moroccan journalist Maryam Toumi, who sustained minor injuries, from the BBC Arabic office in Beirut, which was damaged.

  • دخان انفجار بيروت انتشر في سماء لبنان

  • Collated time of arrival vs distance from analysis of social media video footage, with the best estimate (0.50 kt TNT) and reasonable upper limit (1.12 kt TNT) curves determined from regression analysis.

  • S. Dagher Building, located opposite the port's free zone entrance, suffered extensive damage

  • The Port of Beirut as seen from the International Space Station a week after the disaster, with inset of an enlarged view of the explosion crater (top left)

  • United States Air Force, Medical Services supply

  • Dutch urban search and rescue team heading to Beirut on 5 August

  • Tel Aviv City Hall, in Israel, lit up with the colors of the Lebanese flag on 5 August 2020

  • Azadi Tower, in Iran, lit up with the colors of the Lebanese flag on 6 August 2020

References

  1. ↑ Khoury, Jack; Landou, Noa (4 August 2020). "Massive explosion shakes Lebanese capital, buildings near Beirut port reportedly damaged". Haaretz. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  2. ↑ Mroue, Bassem (4 August 2020). "Massive explosion shakes Lebanon's capital Beirut". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 4 August 2020.[dead link]
  3. ↑ Hubbard, Ben (4 August 2020). "Explosions Rock East Beirut" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/04/world/middleeast/beirut-explosion-blast.html. Retrieved 4 August 2020. 
  4. ↑ "Beirut blast death toll hits 100 as Lebanon mourns". www.dailystar.com.lb. Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2020-08-05.
  5. ↑ Chulov, Martin; Safi, Michael (4 August 2020). "Lebanon: at least 78 killed as huge explosion rocks Beirut". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/04/huge-explosion-beirut-lebanon-shatters-windows-rocks-buildings. Retrieved 4 August 2020. 
  6. ↑ Holmes, Oliver; Beaumont, Peter; Safi, Michael; Chulov, Martin (4 August 2020). "Beirut explosion: dead and wounded among 'hundreds of casualties', says Lebanon Red Cross – live updates". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  7. ↑ Gadzo, Mersiha (4 August 2020). "Dozens killed, thousands wounded in Beirut blast: Live updates". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Najjar, Ted Regencia, Linah Alsaafin, Farah. "Beirut explosion death toll rises to 135 as 5,000 wounded: Live". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2020-08-06.
  9. ↑ Horton, Alex (4 August 2020). Here's what the videos of the Beirut blast tell us about the explosion. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/08/04/beirut-explosion-ammonium-nitrate/. Retrieved 5 August 2020. 
  10. ↑ "Using dimensional analysis I estimate that the energy contained in the awful #Beirut explosion was approximately 12 Terajoules".
Retrieved from "https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/w/index.php?title=2020_Beirut_explosion&oldid=5745498"