Auxiliary sciences of history
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The auxiliary sciences of history are fields of study based on historical sources and items.[1]
Many of those fields of study started between the 16th and 19th centuries. At first, they were started by students of old artifacts.[2] At the time, "history" was thought of only as a literary skill.
In the late 18th century, the study of history became more empirical. The change was led by the Göttingen School of History.[3] Then, in the mid-19th century, Leopold von Ranke also focused on it. The changes led to the rise of the trained historian as a skill.[4][5]
The auxiliary sciences of history include but are not limited to the following:[1]
- Archeology, the study of human activity
- Archaeography, the study of ancient documents
- Archival science, the study and theory of making and maintaining archives
- Chorography, the study of regions and places
- Chronology, the study of the sequence of past events
- Cliometrics, using economic theory and other mathematical methods to study history
- Codicology, the study of books
- Diplomatics, the study historical documents
- Epigraphy, the study of ancient inscriptions
- Genealogy, the study of family relationships
- Heraldry, the study of armorial devices
- Numismatics, the study of coins
- Onomastics, the study of proper names
- Paleography, the study of old handwriting
- Phaleristics, the study of military orders, fraternities, and award items
- Philately, the study of postage stamps
- Philology, the study of the language of historical sources
- Prosopography, the investigation of a historical group of individuals
- Sigillography, the study of seals
- Toponymy, the study of place-names
- Vexillology, the study of flags
Related pages
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Drake, Miriam A.. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. Dekker Encyclopedias Series 3 (2003)CRC Press. ISBN 0-8247-2079-2.
- ↑ Sweet, Rosemary. Antiquaries: the discovery of the past in eighteenth-century Britain (2004). London: Hambledon & London. p. xiv. ISBN 1-85285-309-3.
- ↑ Ranke, Leopold von. The Theory and Practice of History (2011). Abingdon: Routledge. p. xix. ISBN 978-0-415-78032-2.
- ↑ The Houses of History: A Critical Reader in Twentieth-Century History and Theory (1999)Manchester University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-7190-5255-2.
- ↑ The Varieties of History: From Voltaire to the Present (1972). New York: Vintage Books. p. 54. ISBN 0-394-71962-X.