Bean machine

A Galton box, with some balls

A schematic view. At each pin, the ball is equally likely to go left or right.

The bean machine, also known as the quincunx or Galton box, is a machine invented by Sir Francis Galton to demonstrate the law of error and the normal distribution.

The machine consists of a vertical board with interleaved rows of pins. Balls are dropped from the top, and bounce left and right as they hit the pins. Eventually, they are collected into one-ball-wide bins at the bottom. The height of ball columns in the bins approximates a bell curve.

Overlaying Pascal's triangle onto the pins shows the number of different paths that can be taken to get to each pin.

A large-scale working model of this device can be seen at the Museum of Science, Boston.

Bean Machine Media

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  Galton box that presents a normal distribution, available on the collection of Matemateca IME-USP

• Galton box that presents a normal distribution, available on the collection of Matemateca IME-USP

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  Galton Board (7.5 in by 4.5 in)

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  Galton box that presents a normal distribution, available on the collection of Matemateca IME-USP

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  The quincunx, as drawn by Sir Francis Galton