The Blitz

The Blitz
	Part of the Strategic bombing campaign of World War II
	; A Heinkel He 111 bomber over the Surrey Commercial Docks in South London and Wapping and the Isle of Dogs in the East End of London on 7 September 1940
Date	7 September 1940 – 11 May 1941; (8 months, 5 days)
Location	United Kingdom
Result	German strategic failure
Belligerents
United Kingdom	Nazi Germany
Commanders and leaders
Winston Churchill; Hugh Dowding; Frederick Pile; Owen Tudor Boyd; Leslie Gossage;	Adolf Hitler; Hermann Göring; Hugo Sperrle; Albert Kesselring; Hans Jeschonnek;
Casualties and losses
~40,000–43,000 civilians killed; ~46,000–139,000 injured; Two million houses damaged or destroyed (60 percent of these in London)	Unknown; 3,363 aircrew; 2,265 aircraft (summer 1940 – May 1941)

The Blitz was a German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War. The term was first used by the British press and came from the term Blitzkrieg, the German word for 'lightning war'.^[1]

The Germans conducted mass air attacks against industrial targets, towns, and cities, beginning with raids on London towards the end of the Battle of Britain in 1940.

By September 1940, the Luftwaffe had lost the Battle of Britain and the German air fleets (Luftflotten) were ordered to attack London, to draw RAF Fighter Command into a battle of annihilation.^[2]^[3]

From 7 September 1940, London was bombed by the Luftwaffe for 56 of the following 57 days and nights.^[4]^[5] Most notable was a large daylight attack against London on 15 September.

The Blitz Media

General Walther Wever
Hitler and Göring, March 1938
RAF pilots with one of their Hawker Hurricanes, October 1940
Barrage balloons flying over central London
Aldwych tube station being used as a bomb shelter in 1940
A young woman plays a gramophone in an air raid shelter in north London during 1940.
Office workers make their way to work through debris after a heavy air raid.
Map of Knickebein transmitters
Smoke rising from fires in the London docks, following bombing on 7 September
The aftermath of a 9 September 1940 air raid on London