Bodrum Castle
Bodrum Castle (Turkish: Bodrum Kalesi), formerly the Castle of St. Peter, is located in southwest Turkey in the port city of Bodrum (37°1′54″N 27°25′46″E / 37.03167°N 27.42944°ECoordinates: 37°1′54″N 27°25′46″E / 37.03167°N 27.42944°E), was built from 1402 onwards, by the Knights Hospitaller as the Castle of St. Peter or Petronium. The castle was completed in 1522. It was used as a jail in 19th century. There are 5 towers of Bodrum Castle.
History
The headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller were on the island of Rhodes. In 1402 their fortifications at İzmir fell to the Mongols under Tamerlane.[1] Threatened by an invasion of the Seljuks they built the castle at Bodrum.[1] Its location was the site of a fortification during the Doric Greek period. There was also a small Seljuk castle in the 11th century. The same promontory is also the probable site of the palace of Mausolos.[2] He was the king of Caria.[2] The construction of the castle began in 1404. It was fully fortified by 1460.[3] Bodrum came under its final siege in 1522. At the time it was still strong enough to send men to Rhodes.[3] After Rhodes fell, the castle surrendered.[3]
Museum of Underwater Archaeology
The Museum of Underwater Archaeology is housed inside the castle.[4] One of its displays is one of the world's oldest ships believed to come from the 6th century.[4] Another is called the glass shipwreck due to the large number of bottles it was carrying.[4]
Bodrum Castle Media
Stained-glass Knights Hospitaller coats of arms in the English Tower.
Castle tower in Bodrum, Turkey
Ottoman banners hanging in the English Tower.
Broken muzzle loaded canon on display on one of the walls at Bodrum Castle in Bodrum, Muğla, Turkey.
Philippe Villiers, who ordered the Castle to be fortified.
Model of the Yassiada vessel (Byzantine, 7th century)
Egyptian jewelry (Uluburun shipwreck)
Collection of amphoras from different parts of the Mediterranean
Bodrum Museum Carian Princess 3656
Bibliography
Bodream, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, Anagramme Ed., 2010.ISBN 978 2 35035 279 4
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 David Nicolle, Knight Hospitaller (Oxford: Osprey Military, 2001): 1306-1565 (), p. 53
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Trevor Bryce, The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia (Oxford; New York: Routledge, 2009), p. 278
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Archaeology and Architecture of the Military Orders: New Studies, eds. Christer Carlsson; Mathias Piana (Farnham, Surrey; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2014), p. 59
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Samantha Lafferty, Turkey's Aegean Coast: Ismir, Ephesus, Bodrum, Pergamon, Kusadasi & Beyond (Edison, NJ: Hunter Publishing, 2008), p. 280