Cadmium sulfate
Cadmium sulfate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CdSO4. It is made of cadmium and sulfate ions. The cadmium is in its +2 oxidation state.
| Cadmium sulfate | |
|---|---|
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| IUPAC name | Cadmium(II) sulfate |
| Other names | Sulfuric acid, cadmium salt (1:1), |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| EC number | 233-331-6 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:50292 |
| RTECS number | EV2700000 |
| SMILES | [Cd+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O |
| Gmelin Reference | 8295 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | CdSO4 CdSO4·H2O (monohydrate) 3CdSO4·8H2O (octahydrate) |
| Molar mass | 208.47 g/mol (anhydrous) 226.490 g/mol (monohydrate) 769.546 g/mol (octahydrate) |
| Appearance | White hygroscopic solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 4.691 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 3.79 g/cm3 (monohydrate) 3.08 g/cm3 (octahydrate)[1] |
| Melting point |
1000 °C, 1273 K, 1832 °F |
| Boiling point | |
| Solubility in water | anhydrous: 75 g/100 mL (0 °C) 76.4 g/100 mL (25 °C) 58.4 g/100 mL (99 °C) monohydrate: 76.7 g/100 mL (25 °C) octahydrate: very soluble |
| Solubility | slightly soluble in methanol, ethyl acetate insoluble in ethanol |
| -59.2·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.565 |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | orthorhombic (anhydrous) monoclinic (hepta & octahydrate) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−935 kJ·mol−1[2] |
| Standard molar entropy S |
123 J·mol−1·K−1[2] |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 |
1
3
0
|
| U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
[1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd) |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Cadmium acetate, Cadmium chloride, Cadmium nitrate |
| Other cations | Zinc sulfate, Calcium sulfate, Magnesium sulfate |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
Properties
Cadmium sulfate is a white solid. It easily dissolves in water. It is toxic and carcinogenic.
Preparation
Cadmium sulfate is made by dissolving cadmium carbonate, cadmium oxide, or cadmium metal in sulfuric acid.
Uses
Cadmium sulfate is used to electroplate cadmium on electronic circuits. It is also used to make cadmium sulfide, a pigment. It is used as an electrolyte in a certain battery used to make voltmeters accurate.
Cadmium Sulfate Media
Portion of structure of CdSO4 illustrating the distorted tetrahedral geometry at Cd (dark blue spheres).
Related pages
References
- ↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A21. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
- ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0087". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).