Eisleben

Luther Memorials in Eisleben
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Part of	Luther Memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg
Includes	Luther's birthplace; The house in which Luther died;
Criteria	Cultural: (iv)(vi)
Reference	783
Inscription	1996 (20th Session)
Area	0.20 ha (22,000 sq ft)
Buffer zone	1.93 ha (208,000 sq ft)

Town
	Coat of arms
	Location of Eisleben within Mansfeld-Südharz district
	Coordinates: 51°31′N 11°33′E / 51.517°N 11.550°ECoordinates: 51°31′N 11°33′E / 51.517°N 11.550°E
Country	Germany
State	Saxony-Anhalt
District	Mansfeld-Südharz
Subdivisions	6
Government
• Mayor	Jutta Fischer (SPD)
Area
• Total	143.81 km2 (55.53 sq mi)
Elevation	114 m (374 ft)
Population (2013-12-31)
• Total	24,284
• Density	168.862/km2 (437.350/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	06295
Vehicle registration	MSH, EIL, HET, ML, SGH
Website	www.eisleben.eu

Eisleben is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is famous as the hometown of Martin Luther; because of this, its official name is Lutherstadt Eisleben. In 2015, Eisleben had a population of 24,198.

Eisleben has two parts old town and new town (Altstadt and Neustadt). The new town was created for Eisleben's miners in the 14th century.

Eisleben was the capital of the district of Mansfelder Land and is the seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") Lutherstadt Eisleben.

History

Eisleben was first written about in 997 as a market called Islebia, and in 1180 as a town. The counts of Mansfeld governed the area until the 18th century. In 1780, Eisleben came directly under the Electorate of Saxony. After the Napoleonic Wars, Eisleben became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. The Prussian Province of Saxony became part of the Free State of Prussia in the German Reich after World War I. After World War II, Eisleben became part of the new state of Saxony-Anhalt in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) until Germany's reuinification in 1990.

Helfta

Modern accommodation for nuns, Helfta Convent (Lutherstadt Eisleben).

In 1229, the Counts of Mansfield started a convent for women. At first, it was on the grounds of their castle. Then they built a separate convent at Helfta near Eisleben, which opened in 1258. It was governed under either the Benedictine or Cistercian model. It became known for its powerful and mystical abbesses, including Gertrude of Hackeborn, Gertrude the Great and Mechtild. However, Duke Albrecht of Brunswick destroyed the convent in 1342. It was rebuilt the next year. It closed in 1524, but later reopened on a smaller scale until 1542

In 1542, it came under the control of local farmers. In 1712 it became a farm run by the Prussian state. In 1994, the Catholic Diocese of Magdeburg bought the property and began restoring the building. Cistercian nuns from Seligenthal in Bavaria moved in starting in approximately 1999.^[1]

Martin Luther

The Protestant reformer Martin Luther was born in Eisleben on November 10, 1483. His father, Hans Luther, was a miner. Luther's family moved to Mansfeld when he was only a year old; he lived in Wittenberg most of his life. Luther preached his last sermon and died in Eisleben in 1546.

Eisleben started preserving its Luther memorials in 1689.

In 1997, Eisleben's "Birth House" and "Death House" were added to the World Heritage List. Also, Luther was baptised in Eisleben's St. Peter and Paul Church. He preached his last sermons at St. Andreas Church.

Historical population

The population has been declining since the mid-1960s due to declining birth rates and people moving away.^[2] The municipal area has been enlarged several times by merging with neighboring districts.^[3]

Year	1964	1971	1981	1989	1995	2000	2002	2004	2006	2008
Inhabitants*	44,773	41,682	37,330	35,374	31,882	29,526	28,848	28,040	27,037	26,190

Year	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015
Inhabitants*	25,489	25,380	24,384	24,284	24,346	24,198

* population as of 31st December, except for 1964–1981: census

People

Martin Luther as a monk in 1520

Friedrich August von Quenstedt in 1868

Gertrude the Great (1256–1301), mystic, saint of the Catholic Church
Martin Luther (1483–1546), Protestant reformer, author and professor of theology
Johannes Agricola (1494–1566), Protestant reformer
Michael Teuber (1524–1586), lawyer
Caspar Schütz (around 1540-1594) German historian
Friedrich Koenig (1774–1821), printer
Ludwig Geyer (1779–1833), painter, playwright and actor
Friedrich August von Quenstedt (1809–1889), geologist and paleontologist
Carl Fischer (1841–1906), worker and author
Max Schneider (1875–1967), music historian
Hermann Lindrath (1896–1960), CDU politician and minister
Egbert Hayessen (1913–1944), major and resistance fighter of 20 July 1944
Ute Starke (born 1939), gymnast, Summer Olympics 1960, 1964 and 1968
Gudrun Berend (1955-2011), hurdler
Thomas Lange (born 1964), two-time Olympic champion in rowing
Timo Hoffmann (born 1974), boxer