Emmy Noether
Amalie Emmy Noether (23 March 1882 – 14 April 1935) was a mathematician from Germany who studied abstract algebra. She studied mathematics at the University of Erlangen, and then joined the faculty at the University of Göttingen.
Emmy Noether | |
|---|---|
 from Agnes Smith College, anonymous artist, circa 1900 to 1910 | |
| Born | Amalie Emmy Noether 23 March 1882 |
| Died | 14 April 1935 (aged 53) |
| Nationality | German |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics and physics |
| Institutions | |
| Thesis | On Complete Systems of Invariants for Ternary Biquadratic Forms (1907) |
Her main area of research changed over time. From 1908 to 1919, she studied algebraic invariants and number fields. Her work on Noether's theorem has been called "one of the most important mathematical theorems ever proved in guiding the development of modern physics".[1] From 1920 to 1926, she developed the theory of ideals in commutative rings. From 1927–35, she published works on noncommutative algebras and hypercomplex numbers. In addition to her own publications, Noether was generous with her ideas and is credited with several lines of research published by other mathematicians, even in fields far removed from her main work, such as algebraic topology.
Emmy Noether Media
Noether grew up in the Bavarian city of Erlangen, depicted here in a 1916 postcard.
Emmy Noether with her brothers Alfred, Fritz, and Robert, before 1918.
Paul Gordan supervised Noether's doctoral dissertation on invariants of biquadratic forms.
Noether sometimes used postcards to discuss abstract algebra with her colleague, Ernst Fischer. This card is postmarked 10 April 1915.
In 1915 David Hilbert invited Noether to join the Göttingen mathematics department, challenging the views of some of his colleagues that a woman should not be allowed to teach at a university.
The mathematics department at the University of Göttingen allowed Noether's habilitation in 1919, four years after she had begun lecturing at the school.
B.L. van der Waerden (pictured in 1980) was heavily influenced by Noether during his time in Göttingen.
Emmy Noether
Paul S. Alexandroff
Moscow 05-2012 Mokhovaya 05
References
- ↑ Lederman & Hill 2004, p. 73.
Further reading
- James, Ioan (2002). Remarkable Mathematicians from Euler to von Neumann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81777-6.
- Teicher, M., ed. (1999). The Heritage of Emmy Noether. Israel Mathematical Conference Proceedings. Bar-Ilan University, American Mathematical Society, Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-851045-1.
- Byers, Nina (2006), "Emmy Noether", in Byers, Nina; Williams, Gary (eds.), Out of the Shadows: Contributions of 20th Century Women to Physics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-82197-1
Related pages
| Library resources about Emmy Noether |
| By Emmy Noether |
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- Timeline of women in mathematics
- Emmy Noether at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- "Emmy Noether", Biographies of Women Mathematicians, Agnes Scott College.
- O'Connor, John J; Edmund F. Robertson "Emmy Noether". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.