Ethane
Ethane is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6.
| Ethane | |
|---|---|
 |
 |
 |
 |
Ethane[1] | |
Dicarbane (never recommended[1]) | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| EC number | 200-814-8 |
| MeSH | |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:42266 |
| RTECS number | KH3800000 |
| SMILES | CC |
| Beilstein Reference | 1730716 |
| Gmelin Reference | 212 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C2H6 |
| Molar mass | 30.07 g mol-1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density |
544.0 kg/m−3 (liquid at -88,5 °C) |
| Melting point |
-183 °C, 90.4 K, -297 °F |
| Boiling point | |
| Solubility in water | 56.8 mg L−1[3] |
| Vapor pressure | 3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C) |
| kH | 19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 50 |
| Basicity (pKb) | -36 |
| -37.37·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−84 kJ mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 52.49 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 |
4
1
0
|
| Explosive limits | 2.9–13% |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colourless, odorless gas. It is isolated from natural gas, and as a byproduct of petroleum refining.
Its main use is in the chemical industry, to make ethylene by steam cracking.
At room temperature, the gas is flammable, and it explodes when mixed with air. When ethane is liquid, touching it causes a very serious frostbite.
Ethane Media
A photograph of Titan's northern latitudes. The dark features are hydrocarbon lakes containing ethane
Ethane (shown in Newman projection) barrier to rotation about the carbon-carbon bond. The curve is potential energy as a function of rotational angle. Energy barrier is 12 kJ/mol or about 2.9 kcal/mol.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 4. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
Similarly, the retained names 'ethane', 'propane', and 'butane' were never replaced by systematic names 'dicarbane', 'tricarbane', and 'tetracarbane' as recommended for analogues of silane, 'disilane'; phosphane, 'triphosphane'; and sulfane, 'tetrasulfane'.
- ↑ "Ethane – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Retrieved 7 December 2011.
- ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. p. 8.88. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
