Gnosticism

Gnostic gold amulet with Greek inscription and magic symbols (from around 260 AD, found in Bavaria)

Gnosticism is a group of religious ideas from around the 1st century. "Gnosis" is the ancient Greek word for "knowledge", but now more closely means "esoteric knowledge".^[1] Gnostic ideas were a main part of early Christianity before being persecuted by other Christians.^[2] Gnostic ideas are also found in sects of Judaism and Islam, as well as in alchemy and other kinds of esotericism.

The word "Gnostic" was mostly used by people who were against these ideas. For this reason, some researchers have said that Gnosticism is a false grouping of many separate religious movements.^[3] There are many problems for people who research Gnosticism:^[2]

Many Gnostic teachings were esoteric, meaning they were kept secret or hidden
A lot of what is known about Gnostic beliefs came from attacks written by non-Gnostic Christians
Almost all Gnostic writings were destroyed by non-Gnostic Christians who wanted to wipe them out

Beliefs

Gnosticism says that humans are divine souls trapped in the ordinary physical (or material) world. They say that the world was made by an imperfect spirit.

The imperfect spirit is thought to be the same as the God of Abraham. The imperfect spirit may be seen as evil, or sometimes just not perfect but doing the best it can.

The real God who is good, is distant and not easy to know. In order to get free from the material world, a person has to get gnosis. That is the special secret knowledge given only to a few special people.

Some Gnostic groups saw Jesus as sent by the supreme being, to bring gnosis to the Earth.

Gnosticism Media

Page from the Gospel of Judas
Mandaean Beth Manda (Mashkhanna) in Nasiriyah, southern Iraq in 2016; place of worship for one of the only surviving Gnostic religions from antiquity
A lion-faced deity found on a Gnostic gem in Bernard de Montfaucon's L'antiquité expliquée et représentée en figures may be a depiction of Yaldabaoth, the Demiurge; however, cf. Mithraic Zervan Akarana.
Mandaeans in prayer during baptism
Manicheanism priests writing at their desks, with panel inscription in Sogdian. Manuscript from Khocho, Tarim Basin.
In Sufism, Iblis rules the material world in a manner that resembles the Gnostic Demiurge.

References

↑ Keller, P. (2021, December 16). Gnostic atheism: The knowledge that there is no god. Fadewblogs. Retrieved December 22, 2021
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Pagels, Elaine (1989). The Gnostic Gospels (PDF). New York: Random House.
↑ "Reflections on the Category Gnosticism" (PDF). Forum. 3rd (Spring 2016 ed.). Polebridge Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-03. Retrieved 2021-01-12.

Other websites

Ancient Gnosticism

Religious Tolerance - A survey of Gnosticism
Sacred Wisdom Archived 2021-01-26 at the Wayback Machine - Gnosticism and Christian Esotericism
Early Christian Writings - primary texts
The Gnostic Society Library
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Gnosticism
Introduction to Gnosticism Archived 2008-04-26 at the Wayback Machine
Jewish Encyclopedia: Gnosticism
Proto-Gnostic elements in the Gospel according to John
Gnostic version of the Bible and more on Gnostics Archived 2008-10-10 at the Wayback Machine
Catholic Encyclopedia: Gnosticism

Contemporary Gnosticism

The Alexandrian Gnostic Church Archived 2008-03-02 at the Wayback Machine
Apostolic Johannite Church
Ecclesia Gnostica (Gnosis Archive)

This short article about religion can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it.

[1] Keller, P. (2021, December 16). Gnostic atheism: The knowledge that there is no god. Fadewblogs. Retrieved December 22, 2021

[Pagels1989-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Pagels, Elaine (1989). The Gnostic Gospels (PDF). New York: Random House.

[3] "Reflections on the Category Gnosticism" (PDF). Forum. 3rd (Spring 2016 ed.). Polebridge Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-01-03. Retrieved 2021-01-12.

[1]

[2]

[3]