Grand Duchy of Hesse
The Grand Duchy of Hesse (German: Großherzogtum Hessen) was a former state that existed in modern-day Germany. It was formed in 1806 after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire as a result of the actions of Napoleon, who then elevated the former Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt to the level of grand duchy. For this reason, this state was occasionally known simply as Hesse-Darmstadt.
Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1806–1918 | |||||||||
 | |||||||||
.svg) Grand Ducal Hesse within the German Empire | |||||||||
| Capital | Darmstadt | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Grand Duke | |||||||||
| Louis I | |||||||||
| Louis II | |||||||||
| Louis III | |||||||||
| Louis IV | |||||||||
| Ernest Louis | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• | 13 August 1806 1806 | ||||||||
• | 9 November 1918 1918 | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
| 1910[1] | Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value). | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1910[1] | 1282051 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
History
Because Hesse-Darmstadt was a member of Napoleon's Confederation of the Rhine, it was forced to give up a considerable amount of territory at the 1815 Congress of Vienna. The territory of the Duchy of Westphalia, which Hesse-Darmstadt received from the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss, was given to the Kingdom of Prussia. However, it received some territory on the western bank of the Rhine, including the important federal fortress at Mainz.
The Grand Duchy changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein) in 1816.
Subdivisions of Hesse
The Grand Duchy of Hesse was divided into three provinces:
- Starkenburg: (Capital: Darmstadt) Right bank of the Rhine, south of the Main
- Rhenish Hesse, (Capital: Mainz) Left bank of the Rhine, territory gained from the Congress of Vienna
- Upper Hesse (Capital: Giessen) North of the Main, separated from Starkenburg by the Free City of Frankfurt, which was later annexed by Prussia in 1866.
Grand Duchy Of Hesse Media
- Ich kenne ein Land (Hessen).ogg
Ich kenne ein Land (Hessen)
Territory of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, 1815–1866
Coat of arms of the Grand Duchy, 1806–1808
Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1812
Louis I depicted with Hessian Constitution in his right hand on the Ludwigsmonument in Darmstadt
Title page of The Hessian Courier.
Karl du Thil, President of the Council of Ministers, 1829–1848
Heinrich von Gagern, chief minister during the Revolution of 1848 (lithograph by Eduard von Heuss)
Reinhard von Dalwigk, Minister-President, 1852–1871
.svg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
Other websites
References
- ↑ "Willkommen bei Gemeindeverzeichnis.de". www.gemeindeverzeichnis.de.