Haymarket affair
The Haymarket affair (also known as the Haymarket massacre or Haymarket riot) was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor protest on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago.[1]
It began as a peaceful rally in support of workers striking for an eight-hour day and in reaction to the killing of several workers by the police. An unknown person (there are theories that it was a police agitator trying to cause an incident however this is unconfirmed and probably incorrect) threw a dynamite bomb at police. The bomb blast and gunfire resulted in the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; dozens of others were wounded.
Eight anarchists were convicted of conspiracy. The evidence was that one of the defendants may have built the bomb, but none of those on trial had thrown it.[2][3]
The Haymarket Affair is thought to be an important reason of International Labor Day or May Day for workers.[4]
The site of the incident was designated a Chicago Landmark in 1992,[5] and a public sculpture was dedicated there in 2004.
Haymarket Affair Media
The Revenge flyer printed shortly before the Haymarket riot. In English and German.
Haymarket Affair map Chicago Tribune may 5, 1886
Engraving of police officer Mathias J. Degan, who was killed by the bomb blast
Portraits of the Haymarket Martyrs
An artist's sketch of the trial, Illinois vs. August Spies et al. (1886)
The verdict as reported by Harpers Weekly
Execution of defendants—Engel, Fischer, Parsons, and Spies
Statue of John Peter Altgeld (1847-1902) by Gutzon Borglum in Lincoln Park, Chicago, installed 1915
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References
- ↑ "Originally at the corner of Des Plaines and Randolph". Cityofchicago.org. Archived from the original on May 6, 2009. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
- ↑ Timothy Messer-Kruse, The Haymarket Conspiracy: Transatlantic Anarchist Networks (2012)
- ↑ Smith, Carl. "Act III: Toils of the Law". The Dramas of Haymarket. Chicago Historical Society and Northwestern University. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
- ↑ Trachtenberg, Alexander (March 2002) [1932]. The History of May Day. Marxists.org. Retrieved January 19, 2008.
- ↑ "Site of the Haymarket Tragedy". City of Chicago Department of Planning and Development, Landmarks Division. 2003. Archived from the original on July 14, 2006. Retrieved January 19, 2008.
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