Hindustani language
Hindustani is a language. It is made up of the common parts of Hindi and Urdu. Hindi and Urdu have similar grammar, but slightly different vocabulary and very different scripts.
| Hindustani | |
|---|---|
| Hindi-Urdu ہندوستانی • हिन्दुस्तानी | |
| 150px | |
| Native to | Pakistan, India. Various based on religion. |
| Native speakers | (240 million[1] cited 1991–1997) Second language: 165 million (1999)[2] Total: 490 million (2006)[3] |
| Language family | |
| Standard forms | |
| Dialects | Khariboli (Dehlavi)
Kauravi
|
| Writing system | Perso-Arabic (Urdu alphabet) Devanagari (Hindi and Urdu alphabets) Bharati Braille (Hindi and Urdu) Kaithi (historical) |
| Official status | |
| Official language in |  Pakistan (as Urdu) India (as Hindi and Urdu) |
| Regulated by | Central Hindi Directorate (Hindi, India),[4] National Language Authority, (Urdu, Pakistan); National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (Urdu, India)[5] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-1 | hi, ur |
| ISO 639-2 | hin, urd |
| ISO 639-3 | Either: hin – Standard Hindi urd – Urdu |
| Linguasphere | 59-AAF-qa to -qf |
Hindustani was born in Punjab during the Ghaznavid Empire (Lahore as its capital) in the early decades of the eleventh century AD.[6]
Hindustani Language Media
New Testament cover page in Hindustani language was published in 1842
First chapter of New Testament in Hindustani language
The phrase Zabān-e Urdu-ye Mualla in Nastaʿlīq
Lashkari Zabān title in the Perso-Arabic script
Hindustani, in its standardised registers, is one of the official languages of both India (Hindi) and Pakistan (Urdu).
"Surahi" in Samrup Rachna calligraphy
References
- ↑ Standard Hindi: 180 million India (1991). Urdu: 48 million India (1997), 11 million Pakistan (1993). Ethnologue 16.
- ↑ 120 million Standard Hindi (1999), 45 million Urdu (1999). Ethnologue 16.
- ↑ "BBC: A Guide to Urdu". Archived from the original on 2012-05-25. Retrieved 2013-03-08.
- ↑ The Central Hindi Directorate regulates the use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India. Source: Central Hindi Directorate: Introduction Archived 2010-04-15 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language
- ↑ "Excerpt: How Urdu began". Dawn News. 29 November 2008.
