John Marshall
John Marshall (September 24, 1755 – July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court more powerful. Marshall was the fourth Chief Justice of the United States, working from February 4, 1801, until his death in 1835. He worked in the United States House of Representatives from March 4, 1799, to June 7, 1800, and, under President John Adams, was Secretary of State from June 6, 1800, to March 4, 1801. Marshall was from the Commonwealth of Virginia and a leader of the Federalist Party.
John Marshall | |
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| 4th Chief Justice of the United States | |
| In office February 4, 1801 – July 6, 1835 | |
| Nominated by | John Adams |
| Preceded by | Oliver Ellsworth |
| Succeeded by | Roger B. Taney |
| 4th United States Secretary of State | |
| In office June 13, 1800 – February 4, 1801 | |
| President | John Adams |
| Preceded by | Timothy Pickering |
| Succeeded by | James Madison |
| U.S. Representative from Virginia | |
| In office March 4, 1799 – June 7, 1800 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 24, 1755 Germantown, Virginia |
| Died | July 6, 1835 (aged 79) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. |
| Political party | Federalist |
| Spouse(s) | Mary Willis Ambler |
| Profession | Lawyer, Judge |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | Culpeper, Virginia Militia |
| Rank | Captain |
| Battles/wars | American Revolutionary War |
The longest working Chief Justice in Supreme Court history, Marshall ruled the Court for thirty years and was an important part of making the American legal system. His most important addition was judicial review; the power to stop laws that violate the Constitution. Marshall has been called the one that made the judicial branch special and powerful. Marshall also balanced the power between the federal and state government. He made sure the federal law was more powerful than state law and agreed with an expansive reading of the enumerated powers.
John Marshall Media
Marshall's birthplace monument in Germantown, Virginia
Coat of Arms of John Marshall
View of The Hollow House, Markham, VA, childhood home of Chief Justice John Marshall.
John Marshall's House in Richmond, Virginia
Marshall's Chief Justice nomination
Steel engraving of John Marshall by Alonzo Chappel
Marshall engraving by Saint-Mémin, 1808
The text of the McCulloch v. Maryland decision, handed down March 6, 1819, as recorded in the minutes of the US Supreme Court
John Marshall and George Wythe, William & Mary Law School
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