Katiti Aboriginal Land Trust
The Katiti Aboriginal Land Trust is a land trust for a block of land in the southwest of the Northern Territory, Australia. It was created through the Katiti Land Claim in 1980. The trust's owners include Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara and Luritja people. The block of land is officially referred to as Northern Territory Portion 1818. It borders the larger Petermann Land Trust area and Uluṟu–Kata Tjuṯa National Park to the north and west, and two pastoral stations to the east and south: Curtin Springs and Mulga Park. The town of Yulara is excluded from the Land Trusts, and sits between the Katiti block and Uluṟu–Kata Tjuṯa National Park.
The trust is named after Katiti (English: Bobbie's Well), a natural spring located about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) south of Lake Amadeus.[1] This spring was first written about by Baldwin Spencer and Francis James Gillen. They visited it in 1894 on their way to Uluṟu, and recorded the name "Kurtitina" (more accurately, Katitinya). The prospecting expedition led by Lawrence Wells visited the spring in 1903, and Herbert Basedow marked it on his maps as "Curtyteena".[2]
History
Before the 1970s, the area of land now held by the Katiti ALT was considered crown land by the government. The region to the southwest had been declared an Aboriginal reservation in 1920. An area of land around Uluṟu and Kata Tjuṯa had been made into the Ayers Rock–Mt Olga National Park in 1958. The Katiti block, however, was considered unused. In 1976, the Australian Federal Government passed the Aboriginal Land Rights Act. This law allowed Aboriginal communities to claim ownership of unused land, and to be granted freehold title to that land if they could show that they had a historical association with it. Section 4 of the act gave the Minister for Aboriginal Affairs the power to establish Land Trusts to look after the title.
The Katiti Land Claim was formally submitted in 1979.[3] The claim was for a larger area than what is held by the Trust today, and included the Ayers Rock–Mt Olga National Park. It was sumbitted by the Central Land Council on the behalf of several hundred people,[4] most of whom lived at Muṯitjulu. The people were granted legal ownership to the block of land now held by the Katiti ALT on 30 September 1980. They were not granted the title to Ayers Rock–Mt Olga because it was already being used as a national park. They were, however, recognised as the park's traditional owners (nguraṟitja).[4][5] Also excluded from the property granted were a 104 km2 (40 sq mi) area surrounding the resort town of Yulara,[6] and a 3 km2 (1.2 sq mi) area covering the Petermann Road, which provided tourist access to Uluṟu.
Petermann Road was later replaced by the Lasseter Highway, and the government transferred the title to the old road to the Katiti ALT on 23 February 1990. Legal ownership over the national park's land was eventually granted to its traditional owners in 1985,[7] and the title to this area is held by the Uluṟu–Kata Tjuṯa Aboriginal Land Trust.[8] Ownership of the Yulara area was the subject of a court case, which ended in 2006.[6]
References
- ↑ Robert Layton (1986), Uluru: an Aboriginal history of Ayers Rock, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, p. 124, ISBN 978-0-85575-161-6
- ↑ John Toohey (1980). "Report by the Aboriginal Land Commissioner, Mr Justice Toohey, to the Minister for Aboriginal Affairs and to the Minister for Home Affairs". Uluru (Ayers Rock) National Park and Lake Amadeus/Luritja Land Claim. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. p. 15. ISBN 0-642-046-255.
- ↑ "Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park Notes: Non-Aboriginal history". Parks Australia and the Muṯitjulu Community. 19 October 2001.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dawn Chatty; Marcus Colchester (2002), Conservation and mobile indigenous peoples: displacement, forced settlement, and sustainable development, Berghahn Books, p. 366-367, ISBN 978-1-57181-841-6
- ↑ Margo Neale; Sylvia Kleinert and Robyne Bancroft (2000). The Oxford companion to aboriginal art and culture. Oxford University Press. p. 54. ISBN 978-0-195-50649-5.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Paul Burke (2011). Law's Anthropology: From Ethnography to Expert Testimony in Native Title. Canberra: Australian National University. pp. 243–244. ISBN 978-1-921862-43-4.
- ↑ Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park (2009), Uluru–Kata Tjuta National Park: Knowledge Handbook (PDF), Australian Government, Director of National Parks, Parks Australia
- ↑ Nina Collins (12 June 2002). "Uluru – Kata Tjuta Aboriginal Land Trust". Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project. Melbourne: Indigenous Studies Program, University of Melbourne. Archived from the original on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2013.