List of historical plagues
This list contains famous or well documented outbreaks of plagues or disease. They are examined in individual entries.
Before 1000 A.D.
- Great Plague of Athens (430–427 BC)
- Antonine Plague (165–180)
- Cause: Probably smallpox[3]
- Plague of Cyprian (250)
- Cause: Probably smallpox[3]
- Plague of Justinian (541–542)
- Plague of Emmaus (18 A.H./639 A.D.)
- Cause: Unknown (possibly bubonic plague)[7]
- Plague of Constantinople (747–748)
- Cause: Bubonic plague[8]
The "Black Death" of 1347–1353
- Great Plague of England (1348–1350)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of Ireland (1348–1351)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of Scotland (1348–1350)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of Russia (1349–1353)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- great plague of asia and middle east
The 1400s and 1500s
- Great Plague of Iceland (1402–1404)
- Plague of 1575, Italy, Sicily, and parts of Northern Europe (1571–1576)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- London Plague (1592–1594)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
The 1600s
- Italian Plague of 1629-1631 or Great Plague of Milan (1629–1631)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of Seville (1649)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of London (1664–1665)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
- Great Plague of Vienna (1679–1680s)
- May have been caused by: Viral hemorrhagic plague or bubonic plague
1700 and after
- Great Plague of Marseille (1720–1722)
- May have been caused by: Bubonic plague
- Plague Riot in Moscow (1771)
- May have been caused by: Bubonic plague
- The Third Pandemic (started in China; 1855–1950s)
- Caused by: Bubonic plague
List Of Historical Plagues Media
17th-century German "plague panel" depicting the triumph of death. Panels of this kind were placed on the walls of houses to warn against the plague. A plague epidemic raged in Augsburg, Bavaria, between 1632 and 1635.
- Influenzavirus
Ebola virus virion. Created by GC microbiologist Cynthia Goldsmith, this colorized transmission electron micrograph (TEM) revealed some of the ultrastructural morphology displayed by an Ebola virus virion.
SARS-CoV-2 virus
Related pages
- Bubonic plague
- Epidemic
- List of epidemics
- Pandemic
- Influenza pandemic of 1918 (Spanish flu)
References
- ↑ Papagrigorakis, Manolis J.; Yapijakis, Christos; Synodinos, Philippos N.; Baziotopoulou-Valavani, Effie (2006). DNA examination of ancient dental pulp incriminates typhoid fever as a probable cause of the Plague of Athens. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 10 (3): 206–214. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2005.09.001. PMID 16412683.
- ↑ Langmuir, Alexander D.; Worthen, Thomas D.; Solomon, Jon; | display-authors = etal (1985). The Thucydides Syndrome – A New Hypothesis for the Cause of the Plague of Athens. New England Journal of Medicine 313 (16):1027-1030. .
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Stathakopoulos, Dionysios Ch. (2007). Famine and Pestilence in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Empire: A Systematic Survey of Subsistence Crises and Epidemics. Ashgate Publishers Ltd. p. 95. ISBN 978-0754630210.
- ↑ Wichmann I; Grupe G. (2005). "Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in two early medieval skeletal finds from Aschheim (Upper Bavaria, 6th century A.D.)." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 126 (1): 48–55. PMID 15386257.
- ↑ Bos, Kristen; Stevens, Philip; Nieselt, Kay; et al. (November 28, 2012). "Yersinia pestis: New Evidence for an Old Infection". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e49803. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...749803B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049803. PMC 3509097. PMID 23209603.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Dols, Michael W. (1974). "Plague in Early Islamic History". Journal of the American Oriental Society 94 (3): 371–383. .
- ↑ Kohn, George C. (2007). Encyclopedia of Plague and Pestilence: From Ancient Times to the Present. Infobase. p. 78. ISBN 978-1438129235.