Northern Europe

     Northern Europe      Western Europe      Eastern Europe      Southern Europe

Northern Europe is the northern part of the European continent. Most people see the following states as part of it:

• The Nordic countries, including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.
• Ireland and the United Kingdom (but see also Western Europe)
• The Baltic states, i.e. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
• Areas bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, e.g. north-western Russia, northern Poland (most often referred to as Eastern Europe), Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and northern Germany.

Europe, the planet's 6th largest continent, includes 47 countries and assorted dependencies, islands and territories.

Before the 19th century, the term 'Nordic' or 'Northern' was commonly used to mean Northern Europe in a sense that included the Nordic countries, European Russia, the Baltic countries (at that time Livonia and Courland) and Greenland.

In earlier eras, when Europe was dominated by the Mediterranean region (i.e. the Roman Empire), everything not near this sea was termed Northern Europe, including Germany, the Low Countries, and Austria. In medieval times, the term (Ultima) Thule was used to mean a semi-mythical place in the extreme northern reaches of the continent.

In a European Union context, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Austria, Luxembourg, Belgium, Netherlands, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are often seen as belonging to a Northern group.

Northern Europe Media

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  A composed satellite photograph of islands and continental areas in and surrounding the North Sea and Baltic Sea

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  European climate. The Köppen climate classification map is presented by the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia and the Global Precipitation Climatology Center of the Deutscher Wetterdienst.

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  European sub-regions according to EuroVoc:     Northern Europe*     Western Europe*     Southern Europe*     Central and Eastern Europe

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  Regions of Europe based on CIA World Factbook:     Northern Europe*     Western Europe*     Central Europe*     Southwest Europe*     Southern Europe*     Southeast Europe*     Eastern Europe

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  Northern Europe, as defined by the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions

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  The Russian White Sea–Baltic Canal, connecting eastern Baltic Europe to the Arctic