List of presidents of Poland

This article lists the presidents of Poland. The president of Poland is the head of state of the country.

Presidents of the Polish National Government (1830–1831)

Main page: Polish National Government (November Uprising)

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office
1		Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (1770–1861)	3 December 1830	15 August 1831
–		Józef Chłopicki (1771–1854) (dictator)	5 December 1830	17 January 1831
2		General Jan Stefan Krukowiecki (1772–1850)	17 August 1831	7 September 1831
3		Bonawentura Niemojowski (1787–1835)	8 September 1831	23 September 1831
4		Jan Nepomucen Umiński (1778–1851)	23 September 1831	23 September 1831
5		Maciej Rybiński (1784–1874)	25 September 1831	9 October 1831

Presidents of the National Government of the Republic of Poland (1846)

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office
–	Tyssowski	National Government of the Republic of Poland (triumvirate): Jan Tyssowski (President) (1811–1857) Ludwik Gorzkowski (1811–1857) Aleksander Grzegorzewski (1806–1855)	22 February 1846	24 February 1846
–		Jan Tyssowski (1811–1857) (dictator)	24 February 1846	3 March 1846

President of the National Committee in Poznań (1848)

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office
1		Gustaw Potworowski (1800–1860)	20 March 1848	9 May 1848

Presidents of the Polish National Government (1863–1864)

Main page: Polish National Government (January Uprising)

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office
1		Stefan Bobrowski (1840–1863)	21 January 1863	17 February 1863
–		Ludwik Mierosławski (1814–1878) (dictator)	17 February 1863	11 March 1863
–		Marian Langiewicz (1827–1887) (dictator)	11 March 1863	18 March 1863
2		Stefan Bobrowski (1840–1863)	21 March 1863	12 April 1863
3		Agaton Giller (1831–1887)	12 April 1863	23 May 1863
4		Franciszek Dobrowolski (1830–1896)	23 May 1863	9 June 1863
5		Piotr Kobylański (1823–1868)	9 June 1863	10 June 1863
6		Karol Majewski (1833–1897)	14 June 1863	17 September 1863
7		Franciszek Dobrowolski (1830–1896)	17 September 1863	17 October 1863
8		Romuald Traugutt (1826–1864) (dictator.)	17 October 1863	10 April 1864
–		Aleksander Waszkowski (1841–1865)	12 April 1864	19 December 1864
9		Bronisław Brzeziński (1837–1865)	20 April 1864	October 1864

Republic of Poland (1918–1939)

Main page: Second Polish Republic

Chief of State

Main page: Chief of State

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office	Political party	Notes
–		Józef Piłsudski (1867–1935)	14 November 1918	11 December 1922	Independent	Provisional Chief of State until 1918

President of the Republic

	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office	Political party	Election	Notes Previous office
1		Wojciech Jaruzelski (1923–2014)	19 July 1989	22 December 1990+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Resigned)	Polish United Workers' Party+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(to 30 January 1990)	1989	Following the Polish Round Table Agreement between the Polish United Workers' Party and Solidarity, the Council of State was abolished. Its chairman was elected President of the People's Republic by the Parliament.
2		Lech Wałęsa (born 1943)	22 December 1990	22 December 1995	Solidarity Citizens' Committee	1990	First president elected by popular vote
3		Aleksander Kwaśniewski (born 1954)	23 December 1995	23 December 2005	Democratic Left Alliance	1995+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}2000	Member of the Sejm (1991–95). First President of the Third Republic elected twice
4		Lech Kaczyński (1949–2010)	23 December 2005	10 April 2010+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	Law and Justice	2005	Senator (1989–91), Member of the Sejm (1991–93 and 2001–02), Mayor of Warsaw (2002-2005). Died in a plane crash
–		Bronisław Komorowski (born 1952) Acting President	10 April 2010	8 July 2010	Civic Platform	—	Marshal of the Sejm. Resigned as Marshal of the Sejm, and thus as Acting President, after being confirmed as the winner of the 2010 presidential election
–		Bogdan Borusewicz (born 1949) Acting President	8 July 2010	8 July 2010	Civic Platform		Marshal of the Senate. Acting president for less than a day, between Komorowski's resignation as the Marshal of the Sejm and Grzegorz Schetyna being sworn in.
–		Grzegorz Schetyna (born 1963) Acting President	8 July 2010	6 August 2010	Civic Platform		Marshal of the Sejm. Served as Acting President until Komorowski was sworn in as president as the result of the 2010 presidential election
5		Bronisław Komorowski (born 1952)	6 August 2010	6 August 2015	Civic Platform	2010	Member of the Sejm (1991–2010), Marshal of the Sejm (2007–10); Acting President (2010).
6		Andrzej Duda (born 1972)	6 August 2015	Incumbent	Law and Justice	2015+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}2020	Member of the Sejm (2011–14), Member of the European Parliament (2014–15); Duda was the Law and Justice candidate in the 2015 election, but resigned his membership on 26 May 2015. Second President of the Third Republic elected twice

Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile (1939–1990)

Main page: Polish government-in-exile

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office	Political party	Notes
1		Władysław Raczkiewicz (1885–1947)	30 September 1939	6 June 1947+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	Independent	Raczkiewicz's government lost recognition by the Western Allies on 6 July 1945.
2		August Zaleski (1883–1972)	9 June 1947	7 April 1972+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	Independent	From 1954 onwards, opposed by the Rada Trzech (Council of Three)
3		Stanisław Ostrowski (1892–1982)	9 April 1972	24 March 1979	Independent
4		Edward Raczyński (1891–1993)	8 April 1979	8 April 1986	Independent
5		Kazimierz Sabbat (1913–1989)	8 April 1986	19 July 1989+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	Independent
6		Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919–2010)	19 July 1989	22 December 1990	Independent	Kaczorowski resigned on 22 December 1990, upon the election of Lech Wałęsa as President of the Republic of Poland.

Polish People's Republic (1944–1989)

Main page: Polish People's Republic

President of the State National Council

The Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland was founded under Soviet protection on 31 December 1944 and recognised by the United States and the United Kingdom since 6 July 1945. It evolved into the Government of National Unity on 28 June 1945, and eventually into the Polish People's Republic on 19 February 1947.

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office	Political party	Notes
1		Bolesław Bierut (1892–1956)	31 December 1944	4 February 1947	Polish Workers' Party

Chairman of the Council of State

Main page: Polish Council of State

In 1952, the July Constitution abolished the office of president and made the Council of State the collective head of state, chairmen of which are listed below. Real power rested with the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), its Central Committee, and the secretary general/first secretary.

Portrait		Name (Birth–Death)	Entered office	Left office	Political party	Notes
1		Aleksander Zawadzki (1899–1964)	20 November 1952	7 August 1964+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	Polish United Workers' Party	Died in office (cancer)
In accordance with the constitution, the vice presidents of the Council of State, Edward Ochab, Stanisław Kulczyński, Oskar R. Lange, and Bolesław Podedworny, became collegially acting heads of state.
2		Edward Ochab (1906–1989)	12 August 1964	10 April 1968	Polish United Workers' Party
3		Marian Spychalski (1906–1980)	10 April 1968	23 December 1970	Polish United Workers' Party
4		Józef Cyrankiewicz (1911–1989)	23 December 1970	28 March 1972	Polish United Workers' Party
5		Henryk Jabłoński (1909–2003)	28 March 1972	6 November 1985	Polish United Workers' Party
6		Wojciech Jaruzelski (1923–2014)	6 November 1985	19 July 1989	Polish United Workers' Party	Also the First Secretary of the Polish United Workers' Party

First Secretaries of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR)/Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR)

Since 1954, the head of the party was also the Chairman of the Central Committee.

Name (Birth–Death)		Portrait	Entered office	Left office	Position
	Władysław Gomułka (1905–1982)		23 November 1943	10 August 1948	First Secretary of PPR
	Bolesław Bierut (1892–1956)		10 August 1948	12 March 1956+{{{1}}}−{{{2}}}(Died in office)	First Secretary of PPR to 16 December 1948; First Secretary of PZPR from 22 December 1948
	Edward Ochab (1906–1989)		20 March 1956	21 October 1956	First Secretary of PZPR
	Władysław Gomułka (1905–1982)		21 October 1956	20 December 1970
	Edward Gierek (1913–2001)		20 December 1970	6 September 1980
	Stanisław Kania (1927–2020)		6 September 1980	18 October 1981
	Wojciech Jaruzelski (1923–2014)		18 October 1981	29 July 1989
	Mieczysław Rakowski* (1926–2008)		29 July 1989	29 January 1990

• By the second half of 1989, the office of First Secretary, occupied at the time by Mieczysław Rakowski, ceased to hold any real power.

List Of Presidents Of Poland Media

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Main page: Poland