Reconquista

The Reconquista (a Spanish and Portuguese word for "Reconquest"; Arabic: الاسترداد, "Recapturing") was a period of 800 years in the Middle Ages during which the several Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula expanded themselves (grew) by conquering the Muslim states of Al-Andalus (Arabic الأندلس), the Muslim states on the Iberian Peninsula, and pushing them out of the peninsula.

The Reconquista began shortly after the Islamic conquest. Much of the ideology of the Reconquista was common to most Crusading: soldiers from all Christendom travelled to Iberia to fight the Muslims as an act of Christian repentance.

The Reconquista came to an end on the 2 January 1492 with the capture of Granada. The last Muslim ruler of Granada surrendered (gave up) his kingdom to Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, the Catholic kings (los Reyes Católicos). This event marked the end of Muslim rule in Iberia.

Reconquista Media

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  The Islamic Almohad dynasty and surrounding states, including the Christian Kingdoms of Portugal, Leon, Castile, Navarre, and the Crown of Aragon, c. 1200.

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  The Caliphate of Córdoba in the early 10th century

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  Reconquista of the main towns, per year (present-day state borders)

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  20th century ceramic depiction of the conquest of Toledo by Alfonso VI, at the Plaza de España

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  The Moors request permission from James I of Aragon

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  Statue of Geraldo Geraldes Sem Pavor or Gerald the Fearless. A Portuguese folk hero with the head of a Moor

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  Cross of the Order of Christ

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  The Battle of the Puig at El Puig de Santa Maria in 1237

Bibliography

• Watt, W. Montgomery: A History of Islamic Spain. University Press of Edinburgh (1992).
• Watt, W. Montgomery: The Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe. (Edinburgh 1972).
• Timothy Reuter, Christopher Allmand, David Luscombe, Rosamond McKitterick (eds.), " The New Cambridge Medieval History", Cambridge University Press, Sep 14, 1995, ISBN 0-521-36291-1.
• Bishko, Charles Julian, 1975. The Spanish and Portuguese Reconquest, 1095–1492 in A History of the Crusades, vol. 3: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, edited by Harry W. Hazard, (University of Wisconsin Press)

Other websites

• Timeline of the Reconquista Archived 2013-10-23 at the Wayback Machine, The University of Calgary.
• Battles of Castile & Leon Archived 2008-10-10 at the Wayback Machine: 844–1521.
• Exiles from Andalusia Archived 2007-08-12 at the Wayback Machine.