Salinity

Average salinity of the surface for the World Ocean per year. Data from the World Ocean Atlas 2001.

Salinity is a scientific term. Scientists use it to tell how much salt there is in water. Salinity is measured by the amount of sodium chloride found in 1,000 grams of water, if there is 1 gram of sodium chloride in 1,000 grams of water solution it is 1 part per thousand. This is written as 1‰.

• Fresh water contains less than 0.1% of salt . This is the usual case for rivers and lakes.
• Brackish water contains between 0.1% and 3% of salt. This environment is usually found at estuaries where a river flows into the sea.
• Saline water contains between 3% and 5% of salt (per volume). Usually, there is about 3.5% salt in the water of the oceans.
• Water that has more than 5% salt in it, is called brine. Some lakes and bodies of water have that much salt in them. The Dead Sea has about 15% salt (150‰) on the surface.

Salinity Media

• 

  Annual mean sea surface salinity for the World Ocean. Data from the World Ocean Atlas 2009.

• 

  International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO) standard seawater.