Hammer
A hammer is a tool for putting nails into objects such as wood. It has a long handle, and a tip with a flat end for hitting nails. The most common type of hammer (sometimes called a claw hammer) has a curved end (on the other side of the hitting end) for pulling nails out.
A sledgehammer is a hammer that has a longer shaft, and a more massive head. The user can swing it with two hands and apply more force.
History
Hammers were used around 3.3 million years ago.[1][2] The first hammers were made without handles. Stones attached to sticks with strips of leather or animal sinew were being used. Hammers with handles were made in 30,000 BCE during the middle of the Paleolithic Stone Age. The hammer was used for building, food and protection.[3]
Classification of hammers
Hammers can be classified into two. They are:
Hand-powered hammers
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Hand-powered hammers are hammers that are used with the hand. Examples include:
- Ball-peen hammer
- Boiler scaling hammer
- Brass hammer
- Bricklayer's hammer
- Carpenter's hammer
- Cow hammer
- Cross-peen hammer
- Dead blow hammer
- Demolition hammer
- Drilling hammer
- Electrician's hammer
- Engineer's hammer
- Gavel
- Geologist's hammer
- Knife-edged hammer
- Lathe hammer
- Lump hammer
- Magnetic double-head hammer
- Magnetic tack hammer
- Mallet
- Railway track keying hammer
- Rock climbing hammer
- Rounding hammer
- Shingler's hammer
- Sledgehammer
- Soft-faced hammer
- Splitting maul
- Strike Tack hammer
- Stonemason's hammer
- Tinner
- Upholstery hammer
- Warrington hammer
- Welder's chipping hammer
Mechanically-powered hammer
Mechanically powered hammers are hammers that are used with a machine. Examples include:
- Hammer drill
- High Frequency Impact Treatment hammer
- Jackhammer
- Steam hammer
- Trip hammer
Hammers as weapons
Big hammers were sometimes used as weapons. A tiny hammer is also used inside most small arms.
Hammer Media
A modern claw hammer suited to drive and remove nails
Detail of the head of a war hammer
A geologist's hammer used to break up rocks, as seen in archaeology and prospecting
The parts of a hammer are the face, head (includes the bell and neck, which are not labeled), eye (where the handle fits into), peen (also spelled pein and pane). The side of a hammer is the cheek and some hammers have straps that extend down the handle for strength. Shown here are: A. Ball-peen hammer B. Straight-peen hammer C. Cross-peen hammer
The claw of a carpenter's hammer is frequently used to remove nails.
A picture from the Industrial Museum (a old watermill from the year 1777) in Boxholm, Östergötland, Sweden.
Hitting one's fingertip with a hammer can cause a comminuted (multi-fragment) fracture of the finger.
A stone hammer found in Dover Township, Minnesota dated to 8000–3000 BCE, the North American Archaic period
References
- ↑ Wong, Kate. "Archaeologists Take Wrong Turn, Find World's Oldest Stone Tools [Update]". Scientific American Blog Network. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
- ↑ Hovers, Erella (2015). "Tools go back in time". Nature. 521 (7552): 294–295. doi:10.1038/521294a. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25993954. S2CID 205085058.
- ↑ "The history of the hammer from its prehistoric beginnings. | Tool Blogger UK". langs.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2020-10-26. Retrieved 2020-10-21.