Sloth
Sloths are Xenarthran mammals from Central and South America. They are part of the order Pilosa. There are two families of sloths: two-toed sloth and three-toed sloth. Most scientists call these two families the Folivora, while some call them the Phyllophaga.[1] They live in trees, but in the past there were giant ground sloths.
| Sloths | |
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| Brown-throated three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus). | |
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| Suborder: | Folivora
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The biogeographic origins of the Pilosa is still unclear, but they can be traced back in South America as far as the early Tertiary, about 60 million years ago. The presence of these animals in Central America is explained by the Great American Interchange.[2]
Physical description
Sloths are active at night and sleep curled up with their head placed between the arms and the feet drawn close together, or hanging upside down with the help of their hook- like claws.[3] This disguises them as part of a tree so that its enemies like the jaguar do not see them. Sloths rarely climb down from the trees, and when they are on the ground they can only crawl awkwardly.[3] However, when there is a forest flood, they are very good swimmers.[3] Sloths can live for up to 30 years. They mostly just eat leaves and flowers, which take a very long time to digest. Sloths move slowly; their name comes from the word "slow".
Sloth Media
Three-toed sloth crossing road in Costa Rica
Megalonyx wheatleyi (Megalonychidae) fossil (AMNH) and restoration
Feeding brown-throated three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus), Cahuita National Park, Costa Rica
Hoffman's two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) feeding in Manuel Antonio National Park in Costa Rica
Depiction of a pygmy three-toed sloth (Bradypus pygmaeus) (Thomas Landseer, 1825)
Related pages
References
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Wikispecies has information on: Folivora. |
- ↑ These names mean 'leaf-eater' in Latin and Ancient Greek respectively.
- ↑ Gardner, Alfred 2005. Sloths. In Wilson, Don E. and Reeder, DeeAnn M. eds Mammal species of the World. 3rd ed, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. 100-103. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0; OCLC 62265494
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Buskey, Theresa K. LIFEPAC History and Geography. Alpha Omega Publications