992,540
edits
Changes
mLine 1:
Line 1: − + − + − + − + − + + + − + − + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + − | area_label = Total+ − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − | Gini_ref = + − | Gini_rank = + − + − + − | HDI = 0.745 <!--number only-->+ − − + − | utc_offset_DST = +3+ − + − − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − Lebanese people mostly speak [[Arabic language|Arabic]]; but [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]], and [[Armenian language|Armenian]] are also common languages.+ Line 126:
Line 145: − + Line 134:
Line 153: + + + + − + + + + + Line 146:
Line 173: − [[Category:Beirut]] − [[Category:Population]]
KS update 1.3
{{other uses}}
{{other uses}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Lebanese Republic
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Lebanon
| native_name = <div style="line-height:1.33em;">{{unbulleted list |{{big|{{lang|ar|الجمهورية اللبنانية}}}} |{{smaller|{{transl|ar|ISO|''Al-Jumhūrīyah Al-Libnānīyah''}}}} |''{{lang|fr|République libanaise}}''}}</div>
| name = {{native name|ar|ٱلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱللُّبْنَانِيَّةُ|italics=off}}<br />''al-jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah''<br />{{native name|fr|République libanaise|italics=off}}
| common_name = Lebanon
| common_name = Lebanon
| image_flag = Flag of Lebanon.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Lebanon.svg
| image_coat = Coat of Arms of Lebanon.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Lebanon.svg
| national_anthem = {{unbulleted list |{{lower|0.1em|{{big|[[Lebanese National Anthem|كلّنا للوطن]]}}}} |{{transl|ar|ISO|''Kulluna lil-watan''}} |{{small|''All Of Us, For the Nation!''}}}}
| national_anthem = {{native phrase|ar|[[Lebanese National Anthem|كلّنا للوطن]]}}<br />''Koullouna lilouataan lil oula lil alam'' <br /><small>English: All of us! For our Country!</small><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">{{center|[[File:Lebanese national anthem.ogg]]}}</div>
| image_map = Lebanon (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map = File:Lebanon_(orthographic_projection).svg
| image_map_caption = <small>Location of Lebanon (in green)</small>
| image_map2 = [[File:Lebanon_-_Location_Map_(2012)_-_LBN_-_UNOCHA.svg|260px|]]
| capital = [[Beirut]]
| capital = [[Beirut]]
| coordinates = {{coord|33|54|N|35|32|E}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|33|54|N|35|32|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = [[Beirut]]
| largest_city = [[Beirut]]
| official_languages = Arabic
| official_languages = [[Arabic language|Arabic]]<ref group="nb">Article 11 of the [[Constitution of Lebanon]] states: "Arabic is the official national language. A law shall determine the cases in which the French language can be used." See: [[French language in Lebanon]]</ref>
| languages = [[Lebanese Arabic]]
| languages_type = Local vernacular
| recognised_languages =
* [[French language|French]]
* [[English language|English]]
| demonym = [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]]
| demonym = [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]]
| government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Confessionalism (politics)|confessionalist]]<br/>[[parliamentary republic]]<ref name="constitution">{{cite web |title=The Lebanese Constitution |url=http://presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf |format=PDF |publisher=Presidency of Lebanon |accessdate=20 August 2011}}</ref>}}
| government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Confessionalism (politics)|confessionalist]] [[parliamentary republic]]<ref name="constitution">{{cite web |title=The Lebanese Constitution |publisher=Presidency of Lebanon |url=http://presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf |access-date=20 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119201440/http://presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf |archive-date=19 January 2012}}</ref>
| leader_title1 = [[President of Lebanon|President]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of Lebanon|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Michel Aoun]]
| leader_name1 = [[Michel Aoun]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Lebanon|Prime Minister]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Lebanon|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Najib Mikati]]
| leader_name2 = [[Najib Mikati]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon|Speaker of Parliament]]
| leader_title3 = [[Legislative Speaker of Lebanon|Speaker of the Parliament]]
| leader_name3 = [[Nabih Berri]]
| leader_name3 = [[Nabih Berri]]
| legislature = [[Parliament of Lebanon|Chamber of Deputies]]
| legislature = [[Parliament of Lebanon|Parliament]]
| established_event1 = [[Greater Lebanon]]
| established_event1 = [[Greater Lebanon]]
| established_date1 = 1 September 1920
| established_date1 = 1 September 1920
| established_event2 = Constitution
| established_event2 = [[Constitution of Lebanon|Constitution]]
| established_date2 = 23 May 1926
| established_date2 = 23 May 1926
| established_event3 = Independence declared
| established_event3 = Independence declared
| established_date3 = 8 November 1943
| established_date3 = 22 November 1943
| established_event4 = Independence recognized by [[France]]
| established_event4 = [[French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon|French mandate]] ended
| established_date4 = 22 November 1943
| established_date4 = 24 October 1945
| established_event5 = Withdrawal of [[Allies of World War II|French forces]]
| established_event5 = Withdrawal of [[Allies of World War II|French forces]]
| established_date5 = 31 December 1946
| established_date5 = 17 April 1946
| area_rank = 166th
| established_event6 = [[Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon#Withdrawal from South Lebanon (1999–2000)|Israeli troops withdrawn]]
| area_km2 = 10,452
| established_date6 = 24 May 2000
| area_sq_mi = 4,036
| established_event7 = [[Cedar Revolution#Withdrawal of Syrian troops|Syrian troops withdrawn]]
| established_date7 = 30 April 2005
| area_km2 = 10452
| area_label = Total
| area_rank = 161st <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_sq_mi = 4036
| percent_water = 1.8
| percent_water = 1.8
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Lebanon}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate = 5,260,000<ref>{{url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/population/country-comparison|title=Population - The World Factbook}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_estimate_rank = 121st
| population_estimate_rank = 109th
| population_estimate_year = 2021
| population_density_km2 = 560
| population_density_km2 = 656
| population_density_sq_mi = 1,450
| population_density_sq_mi = 1,700
| population_density_rank = 21st
| population_density_rank = 17th
| GDP_PPP = $91 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=58&pr.y=0&sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=446&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Lebanon |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=20 October 2019}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP = $61.444 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=38&pr.y=0&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=446&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |title=Lebanon |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |accessdate=19 April 2012}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2020
| GDP_PPP_rank = 83rd
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_year = 2011
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $11,562<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $15,522<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 66th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 57th
| GDP_nominal = $18 billion<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal = $39.039 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2020
| GDP_nominal_rank = 80th
| GDP_nominal_rank = 82nd
| GDP_nominal_year = 2011
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,745<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $9,862<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 63rd
| Gini = 31.8 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year =
| Gini_year = 2011
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini = <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/ |title=Gini Index coefficient |publisher=CIA World Factbook |access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref>
| HDI = 0.744 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_year = 2013
| HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking|title=Human Development Report 2019|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=10 December 2019|access-date=10 December 2019|format=PDF|archive-date=30 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200430080741/http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 92nd
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Tables.pdf |title=HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme |year=2011 |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=2 November 2011}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 72nd
| currency = [[Lebanese pound]]
| currency = [[Lebanese pound]]
| currency_code = LBP
| currency_code = LBP
| time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| time_zone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| utc_offset = +2
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| time_zone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| drives_on = Right<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Lebanon.html |title=Driving in Lebanon |publisher=adcidl.com |access-date=17 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000049/http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Lebanon.html |archive-date=17 January 2013 }}</ref>
| drives_on = right<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Lebanon.html |title=Driving in Lebanon |publisher=Adcidl.com |accessdate=2013-01-17}}</ref>
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Lebanon|+961]]<ref name="cia" />
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Lebanon|+961]]
| cctld = [[.lb]]
| cctld = [[.lb]]
| footnote_a = Article 11 of the [[Constitution of Lebanon]] states that "[[Literary Arabic|Arabic]] is the official language. A law determines the cases in which the [[French language]] is to be used."
| religion = {{unbulleted list|'''[[Islam in Lebanon|Islam]]'''|~28.7% [[Lebanese Sunni Muslims|Sunni]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Lebanon-2.pdf |title=Lebanon 2017 International Religious Freedom Report |publisher=United States Department of State |access-date=22 August 2021 }}</ref>|~28.4% [[Lebanese Shia Muslims|Shi'a]]|~0.6% Other <br><small>([[Alawite]] & [[Ismaili]])</small>|'''[[Christianity in Lebanon|Christianity]]'''|~22% [[Lebanese Maronite Christians|Maronite Catholic]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108487.htm |title=International Religious Freedom Report 2008: Lebanon |date=19 September 2008 |publisher=United States Department of State |access-date=August 22, 2021 }}</ref>|~8% [[Lebanese Greek Orthodox Christians|Greek Orthodox]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2010/148830.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123103408/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2010/148830.htm |archive-date=23 November 2010 |title=International Religious Freedom Report 2010: Lebanon |publisher=United States Department of State |access-date=22 August 2021}}</ref>|~5% [[Lebanese Melkite Christians|Melkite Catholic]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm?year=2012&dlid=208400 |title=International Religious Freedom Report for 2012: Lebanon |publisher=United States Department of State |access-date=22 August 2021 }}</ref>|~4% [[Armenians in Lebanon|Armenian]]<br/><small>([[Armenian Apostolic Church|Apostolic]] & [[Armenian Catholic|Catholic]])</small>|~1% [[Minorities (Lebanon)|Minorities]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Politics/2013/Feb-15/206550-minority-sects-demand-greater-representation-in-parliament.ashx |title=Minority sects demand greater representation in Parliament |work=The Daily Star Lebanon |first=Van |last=Meguerditchian |date=15 February 2013 |access-date=22 August 2021 |archive-date=5 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805210840/https://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Politics/2013/Feb-15/206550-minority-sects-demand-greater-representation-in-parliament.ashx |url-status=dead }}</ref><br/><small>([[Syriac Orthodox|Jacobite]], [[Syriac Catholic]], [[Assyrian Church of the East|ACOE]], [[Chaldean Catholics|Chaldean]], [[Latin Church|Latin Catholic]], and [[Coptic Orthodox|Coptic]])</small>|~1% [[Lebanese Protestant Christians|Evangelical]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.evangelical-times.org/articles/world-mission/asia/western-asia/lebanon/evangelicals-in-lebanon/ |title=Evangelicals in Lebanon |work=Evangelical Times |first=Antoine |last=Haddad |date=September 2006 |access-date=22 August 2021 }}</ref>|'''[[Druzism]]'''|~5.2% [[Druze in Lebanon|Druze]]<ref group="nb">Note: Most Druze do not identify as Muslim, but Druze are classified by the Lebanese government as one of the five Muslim communities in Lebanon (Sunni, Shia, Druze, Alawi, and Ismaili).</ref>}}
| pop_den_footnote = 2018
| religion_year = Estimated<ref group="nb">Because the relative sizes of different religions and religious sects remains a sensitive issue, a national census has not been conducted since 1932. There are 18 state-recognized religious sects – four Muslim, 12 Christian, one Druze, and one Jewish</ref>
}}
| ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list
'''Lebanon''' is a country in the [[Middle East]], located in [[Western Asia]], on the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It has a [[border]] with [[Israel]] to the south, and [[Syria]] to the east and north. Lebanon has been [[Independence|independent]] since 1943. Its [[capital city]] is [[Beirut]].
| 95% [[Arab]]<ref group="nb">Note: Many Lebanese Christians do not identify as "Arab" but rather as descendants of the ancient [[Canaanites]] and prefer to be called "[[Phoenicianism|Phoenician]]".</ref>
| 4% [[Armenians|Armenian]]
| 1% [[Demographics of Lebanon|Other]]
}} }}
'''Lebanon''' is a country in the [[Middle East]], in [[Western Asia]], next to the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. It has [[border|borders]] with [[Israel]] to the south, and [[Syria]] to the east and north.
==History & Data==
Lebanon was named ''[[Phoenicia]]'' under the [[Roman Empire]]. Some of the biggest temples in Antiquity were there at [[Heliopolis (Roman Phoenicia)|Heliopolis]]. In the eighth century [[Arabs]] conquered Phoenicia and imposed their religion [[Islam]]. But many areas in the mountains remained Christian as the "Maronites". However, the Christians who remained in the mountains became Arabized and started identifying themselves as "Arab Christians".
Lebanon has been [[Independence|independent]] since 1943. Its [[capital city]] is [[Beirut]].
Lebanon has two chains of mountains. It is often called the [[ruby]] of the Middle East. It has a [[coast]]line stretching all the way up. The area of Lebanon is 10,452 square kilometers.
Lebanon has two chains of mountains. It has a long [[coast]]line. The area of Lebanon is 10,452 square kilometers.
The [[Cedar|Cedar tree]] is the [[National symbols|national symbol]] of Lebanon; because many of them grow in the Lebanon Mountains.
The [[Cedar|Cedar tree]] is the [[National symbols|national symbol]] of Lebanon because many of them grow in the Lebanon Mountains.
== Population of Lebanon ==
== Population of Lebanon ==
Around 5.2 million people live in Lebanon.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|date=July 2021|title=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/lebanon/#people-and-society|url-status=live|accessdate=|website=CIA|publisher=United States government}}</ref>
Around 5.2 million people live in Lebanon.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|date=July 2021|title=The World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/lebanon/#people-and-society|accessdate=|website=CIA|publisher=United States government}}</ref>
Around 14 million Lebanese people live outside Lebanon. <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2018|title=The Lebanese Diaspora: An Exploration of Assimilation and Success in the United States|url=https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1103&context=dissertations|url-status=live}}</ref>
Around 14 million Lebanese people live outside Lebanon. <ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2018|title=The Lebanese Diaspora: An Exploration of Assimilation and Success in the United States|url=https://digital.sandiego.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1103&context=dissertations}}</ref>
== The people of Lebanon ==
== The people of Lebanon ==
About 61% of Lebanese people are Muslim and 34% are Christian.<ref name=":0" />
About 68% of Lebanese people are [[Islam|Muslim]] and 32% are [[Christian]].<ref name=":0" />
The [[official language]] of Lebanon is [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and it is the most common language.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/801063067|title=Le Liban contemporain : histoire et société|last=Corm|first=Georges|date=2012|isbn=978-2-7071-7357-7|edition=Édition revue et augmentée|location=Paris|oclc=801063067}}</ref> [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]], and [[Armenian language|Armenian]] are also common languages.
==Governorates and districts==
==Governorates and districts==
** [[Tyre District|Tyre]] (''Sur'')
** [[Tyre District|Tyre]] (''Sur'')
[[File:Pano Baalbek 1.jpg|thumb|center|500px|The historic site of Baalbek in Lebanon]]
[[File:Pano Baalbek 1.jpg|thumb|center|500px|The historic site of Baalbek (ancient [[Heliopolis (Roman Phoenicia)|Heliopolis]]) in Lebanon]]
==Related pages==
==Related pages==
*[[Lebanon at the Olympics]]
*[[Lebanon at the Olympics]]
*[[Lebanon national football team]]
*[[Lebanon national football team]]
*[[Heliopolis (Roman Phoenicia)]]
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=nb}}
== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="cia">[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/lebanon/ Lebanon]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]].</ref>
}}
{{Asia}}
{{Asia}}
{{geo-stub}}
{{geo-stub}}