Changes

|local-date              = {{Start date|1923|9|1}}

|local-date              = {{Start date|1923|9|1}}

|local-time        = 11:58:32 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[UTC+09:00]])

|local-time        = 11:58:32 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[UTC+09:00]])

|duration          = 48 s<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kobayashi|first=Reiji|last2=Koketsu|first2=Kazuki|year=2005|title=Source process of the 1923 Kanto earthquake inferred from historical geodetic, teleseismic, and strong motion data|journal=Earth, Planets and Space|volume=57|issue=4|pages=261|doi=10.1186/BF03352562|bibcode=2005EP&S...57..261K}}</ref>  4 min<ref>{{cite web|last=Panda|first=Rajaram|title=Japan Coping with a National Calamity|url=http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/JapanCopingwithaNationalCalamity_rpanda_160311|publisher=Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA)|location=Delhi|access-date=21 December 2011}}</ref>  

|duration          = 48 s<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Reiji|last2=Koketsu|first2=Kazuki|year=2005|title=Source process of the 1923 Kanto earthquake inferred from historical geodetic, teleseismic, and strong motion data|journal=Earth, Planets and Space|volume=57|issue=4|pages=261|doi=10.1186/BF03352562|bibcode=2005EP&S...57..261K|s2cid=56376668}}</ref>  4 min<ref>{{cite web|last=Panda|first=Rajaram|title=Japan Coping with a National Calamity|url=http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/JapanCopingwithaNationalCalamity_rpanda_160311|publisher=Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA)|location=Delhi|access-date=21 December 2011}}</ref>  

|magnitude          = 7.9<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kanamori|first=Hiroo|year=1977|title=The energy release in great earthquakes|journal=J. Geophys. Res.|volume=82|issue=20|pages= 2981–2987|doi=10.1029/JB082i020p02981|bibcode=1977JGR....82.2981K|url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/51386/1/jgr13796.pdf}}</ref> 8.0<ref>{{cite web|last=Namegaya|first=Yuichi|last2=Satake|first2=Kenji|last3=Shishikura|first3=Masanobu|year=2011|title=Fault models of the 1703 Genroku and 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquakes inferred from coastal movements in the southern Kanto erea|url=https://www.gsj.jp/data/actfault-eq/h22seika/pdf/namegaya.pdf|access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref> 8.2<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bousai.go.jp/kaigirep/chuobou/senmon/shutochokkajishinmodel/pdf/dansoumodel_01.pdf |title=首都直下地震モデル検討会 }} 首都直下のM7クラスの地震及び相模トラフ沿いのM8クラスの地震等の震源断層モデルと震度分布・津波高等に関する報告書</ref> [[Moment magnitude scale|M_w]]

|magnitude          = 7.9<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kanamori|first=Hiroo|year=1977|title=The energy release in great earthquakes|journal=J. Geophys. Res.|volume=82|issue=20|pages=2981–2987|doi=10.1029/JB082i020p02981|bibcode=1977JGR....82.2981K|url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/51386/1/jgr13796.pdf|access-date=2019-05-13|archive-date=2017-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815230756/http://authors.library.caltech.edu/51386/1/jgr13796.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> 8.0<ref>{{cite web|last1=Namegaya|first1=Yuichi|last2=Satake|first2=Kenji|last3=Shishikura|first3=Masanobu|year=2011|title=Fault models of the 1703 Genroku and 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquakes inferred from coastal movements in the southern Kanto erea|url=https://www.gsj.jp/data/actfault-eq/h22seika/pdf/namegaya.pdf|access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref> 8.2<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.bousai.go.jp/kaigirep/chuobou/senmon/shutochokkajishinmodel/pdf/dansoumodel_01.pdf |title=首都直下地震モデル検討会 }} 首都直下のM7クラスの地震及び相模トラフ沿いのM8クラスの地震等の震源断層モデルと震度分布・津波高等に関する報告書</ref> [[Moment magnitude scale|M_w]]

|depth              = {{Convert|23|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}

|depth              = {{Convert|23|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}

|location          = {{Coord|35|19.6|N|139|8.3|E|source:dewiki_region:JP-13_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}<ref>Usami, Tatsuo[[#Soran (2003)|『最新版 日本被害地震総覧』]] p272.</ref>

|location          = {{Coord|35|19.6|N|139|8.3|E|source:dewiki_region:JP-13_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}<ref>Usami, Tatsuo[[#Soran (2003)|『最新版 日本被害地震総覧』]] p272.</ref>

|landslide          = Yes

|landslide          = Yes

|aftershocks        = 6 of 7.0&nbsp;M or higher<ref>{{cite web|last=Takemura|first=Masayuki|year=1994|title=Aftershock Activities for Two Days after the 1923 Kanto Earthquake (M=7.9) Inferred from Seismograms at Gifu Observatory|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/zisin1948/46/4/46_4_439/_pdf|access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>

|aftershocks        = 6 of 7.0&nbsp;M or higher<ref>{{cite web|last=Takemura|first=Masayuki|year=1994|title=Aftershock Activities for Two Days after the 1923 Kanto Earthquake (M=7.9) Inferred from Seismograms at Gifu Observatory|url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/zisin1948/46/4/46_4_439/_pdf|access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>

|casualties        = 105,385<ref>{{cite journal|last=Takemura|first=Masayuki|last2=Moroi|first2=Takafumi|year=2004|title=Mortality Estimation by Causes of Death Due to the 1923 Kanto Earthquake|journal=Journal of Jaee|volume=4|issue=4|pages=21–45|doi=10.5610/jaee.4.4_21}}</ref>–142,800<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/today/index.php?month=9&day=1&submit=View+Date|title=Today in Earthquake History|access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref> deaths

|casualties        = 105,385<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Takemura|first1=Masayuki|last2=Moroi|first2=Takafumi|year=2004|title=Mortality Estimation by Causes of Death Due to the 1923 Kanto Earthquake|journal=Journal of Jaee|volume=4|issue=4|pages=21–45|doi=10.5610/jaee.4.4_21}}</ref>–142,800<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/today/index.php?month=9&day=1&submit=View+Date|title=Today in Earthquake History|access-date=15 April 2016}}</ref> deaths

}}

}}

The {{nihongo|'''Great Kantō earthquake'''|関東大震災|Kantō daishinsai}} was a [[Japan]]ese natural disaster in the [[Kantō region]] of the island of [[Honshū]].<ref>James, Charles. [http://nisee.berkeley.edu/kanto/tokyo1923.pdf  "The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire" at University of California, Berkeley]; retrieved 2012-12-11.</ref>  The earthquake struck at 11:58:44 am JST (2:58:44 [[UTC]]) on Saturday, September 1, 1923.  It lasted between 4 and 10 minutes.<ref>Panda, Rajaram. [http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/JapanCopingwithaNationalCalamity_rpanda_160311  "Japan Coping with a National Calamity,"] Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA); retrieved 2012-12-11.</ref>

The {{nihongo|'''Great Kantō earthquake'''|関東大震災|Kantō daishinsai}} was a [[Japan]]ese natural disaster in the [[Kantō region]] of the island of [[Honshū]].<ref>James, Charles. [http://nisee.berkeley.edu/kanto/tokyo1923.pdf  "The 1923 Tokyo Earthquake and Fire" at University of California, Berkeley] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807010932/https://nisee.berkeley.edu/kanto/tokyo1923.pdf |date=2014-08-07 }}; retrieved 2012-12-11.</ref>  The earthquake struck at 11:58:44 am JST (2:58:44 [[UTC]]) on Saturday, September 1, 1923.  It lasted between 4 and 10 minutes.<ref>Panda, Rajaram. [http://www.idsa.in/idsacomments/JapanCopingwithaNationalCalamity_rpanda_160311  "Japan Coping with a National Calamity,"] Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA); retrieved 2012-12-11.</ref>

This earthquake destroyed [[Tokyo]], the port city of [[Yokohama]], surrounding prefectures of [[Chiba Prefecture|Chiba]], [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]], and [[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]]. It caused widespread damage.<ref>Hammer, Joshua. (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=yokohama+burning&sig=rbgbEDXJV5fht4wdSD1HBoAMANg#PPA278,M1 ''Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II,'' p. 278].</ref> About 140,000 people died.

This earthquake destroyed [[Tokyo]], the port city of [[Yokohama]], surrounding prefectures of [[Chiba Prefecture|Chiba]], [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]], and [[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]]. It caused widespread damage.<ref>Hammer, Joshua. (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&q=yokohama+burning  ''Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II,'' p. 278].</ref> About 140,000 people died.

 

== Gallery ==

==Gallery==

<gallery widths="200px" heights="170px" perrow="2">

<gallery widths="200px" heights="170px" perrow="2">

File:Marunouchi after the Great Kanto Earthquake.JPG|[[Tokyo]] in flames

File:Marunouchi after the Great Kanto Earthquake.JPG|[[Tokyo]] in flames

</gallery>

</gallery>

==Related pages==

 

 

 

 

 

== Related pages ==

* [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]]

* [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]]

 

== Notes ==

==Notes==

{{Reflist|1}}

{{Reflist|1}}

 

== Other websites ==

==Other websites==

{{Commons category-inline|1923 Great Kantō earthquake}}

{{Commons category-inline|1923 Great Kantō earthquake}}

*[http://www.japan-guide.com/a/earthquake/ Great Kanto Earthquake photos]

*[http://www.japan-guide.com/a/earthquake/ Great Kanto Earthquake photos]

*[http://www.britishpathe.com/workspace.php?id=11103  Great Kanto earthquake at British Pathé]

*[http://www.britishpathe.com/workspace.php?id=11103  Great Kanto earthquake at British Pathé] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128151106/http://www.britishpathe.com/workspace.php?id=11103 |date=2011-11-28 }}

*[http://dl.lib.brown.edu/kanto Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 at Brown University]

*[http://dl.lib.brown.edu/kanto Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 at Brown University]

*[http://neic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/eqsmosde.html USGS Earthquake Lists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721071346/http://neic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/eqsmosde.html |date=2011-07-21 }}

*[http://neic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/eqsmosde.html USGS Earthquake Lists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721071346/http://neic.cr.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/eqsmosde.html |date=2011-07-21 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Great Kanto Earthquake}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Great Kanto Earthquake}}

[[Category:Earthquakes in Japan]]

[[Category:Earthquakes in Japan]]

[[Category:1923]]

[[Category:1923 in Asia]]

[[Category:1920s in Japan]]

[[Category:1920s in Japan]]

[[Category:September events]]

[[Category:September events]]