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A '''truck''' (or '''lorry''' in [[British English]]) is a motor [[vehicle]] used to [[transport]] [[Product (consumer goods)|goods]], [[material]]s, or troops. The word "truck" comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word "''trochos''", which means "wheel".  Most trucks use diesel fuel. Trucks have [[variation]]s in size, power, and configuration, with the smallest being mechanically similar to an [[automobile]] and [[freight train]].

A '''truck''' (or '''lorry''' in [[British English]]) is a motor [[vehicle]] used to [[transport]] [[Product (consumer goods)|goods]], [[material]]s, or troops. The word "truck" comes from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word "''trochos''", which means "wheel".  Most trucks use diesel fuel. Trucks have [[variation]]s in size, power, and configuration, with the smallest being mechanically similar to an [[automobile]] (coachwork types: [[coupe]], [[convertible]], [[fastback]], [[hatchback]], [[limousine]], [[Sedan (automobile)|sedan car]], [[station wagon]], [[minivan]], [[van]], and [[pickup truck]]). Also, the road spreads the weight of the truck which means larger amounts can be carried than with [[train]]s and [[railroad track]]s.

[[File:Freightliner_M2_106_6x4_2014_(14240376744).jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|[[Freightliner Trucks|Freightliner]] M2 dump truck.]]

[[File:Freightliner_M2_106_6x4_2014_(14240376744).jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|[[Freightliner Trucks|Freightliner]] M2 dump truck.]]

== Sizes of trucks ==

== Sizes of trucks ==

''Light trucks'' are trucks the size of cars. They are used by [[individual]]s and also companies. In the [[United States]], a truck is a light truck if it weighs less than 6,300 [[Kilogram|kg]] (13,000 [[Pound (mass)|lb]]). Light trucks are only a little heavier than [[van]]s or [[pickup truck]]s, but require a special [[driver's license]].

''Light trucks'' are trucks the size of cars. They are used by [[individual]]s and also companies. In the [[United States]], a truck is a light truck if it weighs less than 6,300 [[Kilogram|kg]] (13,000 [[Pound (mass)|lb]]). Light trucks are only a little heavier than [[van]]s or [[pickup truck]]s, but require a special [[driver's license]].

== Medium trucks ==

== Medium trucks ==

''Medium trucks'' are heavier than light trucks but lighter than heavy trucks. In the United States, a truck is a medium truck if it weighs between 6,300 kg (13,000 lb) and 15,000 kg (33,000 lb). Trucks that are used for local [[delivery]] and [[public service]] (dump trucks, [[garbage]] trucks) are normally around this size. Medium trucks have usually two [[axles]]: one at front and one at rear. The rear wheels may be coupled (that is: two wheels hitched together) to enable heavier load, but they may also be single.

''Medium trucks'' are heavier than light trucks but lighter than heavy trucks. In the United States, a truck is a medium truck if it weighs between 6,300 kg (13,000 lb) and 15,000 kg (33,000 lb). Trucks that are used for local [[delivery]] and [[public service]] (dump trucks, [[garbage]] trucks) are normally around this size than a [[car]] (coachwork types: [[coupe]], [[convertible]], [[fastback]], [[hatchback]], [[limousine]], [[Sedan (automobile)|sedan car]], [[station wagon]], [[minivan]], [[van]], and [[pickup truck]]) or [[bus]] (all types: [[Coach bus]], [[Offroad bus]], [[Training bus]], [[Gyrobus]], [[High-floor bus]], [[Bi-articulated bus]], [[Police bus]], [[Guided bus]], [[Hybrid bus]], [[Type A School bus]], [[Type B School bus]], [[Type C School bus]], [[Type D School bus]], [[Shuttle bus]], [[Neighborhood bus]], [[Single-decker bus]], [[Articulated bus]], [[Minibus]], [[Minicoach]], [[Double-decker bus]], [[Single-decker bus]], and [[Low-floor bus]]). Medium trucks have usually two [[axles]]: one at front and one at rear. The rear wheels may be coupled (that is: two wheels hitched together) to enable heavier load, but they may also be single.

== Heavy trucks ==

== Heavy trucks ==

''Heavy trucks'' are the heaviest trucks that are allowed on the road. In the U.K. they are known as ''lorries''. Usually heavy trucks have three [[axle]]s: one at front and two at rear, and the rear axles have coupled wheels to enable heavy loads. Often heavy trucks pull trailers. They can be either ''full trailers'' which have both front and rear axles or boggies and their own brakes, and are connected to the towing truck with a towbar, or ''semi-trailers'', which are attached to a special kind of a truck called ''tractor unit'' with a turntable coupling ("fifth wheel"). A semi-trailer is a kind of [[Trailer (vehicle)|trailer]] which has wheels only in the back and the front rides on the back of the tractor unit. The tractor unit has an [[engine]] and the semi-trailer does not. Driving a heavy truck requires a professional [[driver's license]]. Truck drivers are called ''truckers''.

''Heavy trucks'' are the heaviest trucks that are allowed on the road. In the U.K. they are known as ''lorries''. Usually heavy trucks have three [[axle]]s: one at front and two at rear, and the rear axles have coupled wheels to enable heavy loads than a [[car]] (coachwork types: [[coupe]], [[convertible]], [[fastback]], [[hatchback]], [[limousine]], [[Sedan (automobile)|sedan car]], [[station wagon]], [[minivan]], [[van]], and [[pickup truck]]) or [[bus]] (all types: [[Coach bus]], [[Offroad bus]], [[Training bus]], [[Gyrobus]], [[High-floor bus]], [[Bi-articulated bus]], [[Police bus]], [[Guided bus]], [[Hybrid bus]], [[Type A School bus]], [[Type B School bus]], [[Type C School bus]], [[Type D School bus]], [[Shuttle bus]], [[Neighborhood bus]], [[Single-decker bus]], [[Articulated bus]], [[Minibus]], [[Minicoach]], [[Double-decker bus]], [[Single-decker bus]], and [[Low-floor bus]]). Often heavy trucks pull trailers. They can be either ''full trailers'' which have both front and rear axles or boggies and their own brakes, and are connected to the towing truck with a towbar, or ''semi-trailers'', which are attached to a special kind of a truck called ''tractor unit'' with a turntable coupling ("fifth wheel"). A semi-trailer is a kind of [[Trailer (vehicle)|trailer]] which has wheels only in the back and the front rides on the back of the tractor unit. The tractor unit has an [[engine]] and the semi-trailer does not. Driving a heavy truck requires a professional [[driver's license]]. Truck drivers are called ''truckers''.

The laws of various countries say what kind of vehicle combinations are allowed. A semi-trailer can be converted into a full trailer with using a ''dolly''. A dolly is a small trailer which has only a [[bogie]] (= set of wheels), fifth wheel coupling for the semi-trailer and a towbar. Using a dolly, the semi-trailer can now be hitched to an ordinary cargo-carrying truck and does not need a tractor unit.

The laws of various countries say what kind of vehicle combinations are allowed. A semi-trailer can be converted into a full trailer with using a ''dolly''. A dolly is a small trailer which has only a [[bogie]] (= set of wheels), fifth wheel coupling for the semi-trailer and a towbar. Using a dolly, the semi-trailer can now be hitched to an ordinary cargo-carrying truck and does not need a tractor unit.

A heavy truck-trailer combination is often called a '''big rig''' or '''eighteen-wheeler'''.

A heavy truck-trailer combination is often called a '''big rig''' or '''eighteen-wheeler'''.

The largest heavy trucks are the [[Australia]]n ''road trains'' which may have up to four semi-trailers coupled to a tractor in a train-like fashion and may carry up to 200 [[tonne]]s of [[cargo]].

The largest heavy road trucks are the [[Australia]]n ''road trains'' which may have up to four semi-trailers coupled to a tractor making a road train, and may carry up to 200 [[tonne]]s of [[cargo]].

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== Truck Media ==

== Truck Media ==

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File:1924-Super-Sentinel.jpg|A [[Sentinel Waggon Works|Sentinel]] steam wagon

File:1924-Super-Sentinel.jpg|[[Sentinel Waggon Works|Sentinel]] steam wagon

File:DMG-Lastwagen von 1896.jpg|[[Daimler Motor Lastwagen|Daimler Motor-Lastwagen]] from 1898

File:DMG-Lastwagen von 1896.jpg|[[Daimler Motor Lastwagen|Daimler Motor-Lastwagen]] from 1898

File:Foden_Diesel_Truck_(40746179963).jpg|Ford diesel truck from 1931

File:Foden_Diesel_Truck_(40746179963).jpg|[[Foden Trucks|Foden]] diesel truck from 1931

File:President Biden Ford F150 Lightning 05 20 2021.jpg|[[President Joe Biden]] test driving the Ford F-150 Lightning all-electric pick up at Ford's [[Ford River Rouge Complex|Rouge Electric Vehicle Center]]

File:President Biden Ford F150 Lightning 05 20 2021.jpg|[[President Joe Biden]] test driving the Ford F-150 Lightning all-electric pick up at Ford's [[Ford River Rouge Complex|Rouge Electric Vehicle Center]]

File:Truck Pakistan.jpg|In Pakistan and India the majority of trucks are colorful and decorated.

File:Truck Pakistan.jpg|In Pakistan and India the majority of trucks are colorful and decorated.

File:Fuso Super Great 471-AJ 20181024.jpg|統一企業委外行駛的Fuso Super Great大貨車471-AJ，車身彩繪統一企業滿漢香腸廣告。

File:Might-E Truck.jpg|[[Might-E Truck]] from [[Canadian Electric Vehicles]]

File:Kenworth T2000, Kenworth Dealer Hall of Fame, 2015.JPG|Streamlined conventional cab

File:Mitsubishi Motors Minicab MiEV Truck (Prototype).jpg|[[Mitsubishi Minicab#Minicab MiEV|Mitsubishi Minicab MiEV]] [[Electric truck|battery-electric]] truck

 

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== References ==

== References ==