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Eiffel Tower (view source)

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[[File:Eiffel Tower Uploaded by Argonowski.jpg|thumb|200px|The stars of the European Union for the tower]]

[[File:Tour Eiffel - 20150801 15h30 (10621).jpg|thumbnail]]

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[[File:Eiffel Tower Drone 4k-Qx c1X3zfEc-313-251.webm|thumb|Eiffel Tower]]

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[[File:Eiffel Tower Drone 4k-Qx c1X3zfEc-313-251.webm|thumb|Eiffel Tower]]The '''Eiffel Tower''' ([[French language|French]]: La Tour Eiffel, [tuʁ ɛfɛl], [[IPA|IPA pronunciation]]: "EYE-full" [[English language|English]]; "Eiffel" [[French language|French]]) is a [[landmark]] in [[Paris]]. It was built between [[1887]] and [[1889]] for the Exposition Universelle (World Fair). It was supposed to be a temporary installation for the 1889 [[World's Fair|World Fair]], held at Paris to show respect to 100 years of the [[French Revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-02|title=World’s Fair - Official Eiffel Tower Website|url=https://www.toureiffel.paris/en/the-monument/universal-exhibition|access-date=|website=La Tour Eiffel|language=en-US}}</ref> In 1909, there were discussions regarding the potential dismantling of the Eiffel Tower. However, the decision to save this iconic structure was ultimately reached by city officials, who acknowledged its importance as a [[Radio telegraph|radiotelegraphy]] station.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pierre|date=2020-11-04|title=How the Eiffel Tower was saved from destruction|url=https://frenchmoments.eu/eiffel-tower-was-saved/|access-date=|website=French Moments|language=en-US}}</ref>

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The '''Eiffel Tower''' ([[French language|French]]: La Tour Eiffel, [tuʁ ɛfɛl], [[IPA|IPA pronunciation]]: "EYE-full" [[English language|English]]; "Eiffel

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" [[French language|French]]) is a [[landmark]] in [[Paris]]. It was built between [[1887]] and [[1889]] for the Exposition Universelle (World Fair). It was supposed to be a temporary installation for the 1889 [[World's Fair|World Fair]], held at Paris to show respect to 100 years of the [[French Revolution]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-02|title=World’s Fair - Official Eiffel Tower Website|url=https://www.toureiffel.paris/en/the-monument/universal-exhibition|access-date=|website=La Tour Eiffel|language=en-US}}</ref> In 1909, there were discussions regarding the potential dismantling of the Eiffel Tower. However, the decision to save this iconic structure was ultimately reached by city officials, who acknowledged its importance as a [[Radio telegraph|radiotelegraphy]] station.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pierre|date=2020-11-04|title=How the Eiffel Tower was saved from destruction|url=https://frenchmoments.eu/eiffel-tower-was-saved/|access-date=|website=French Moments|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Background ==

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The Tower cost 7,799,401.31 French gold francs to build in 1889,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cost of the Eiffel Tower|url=https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Eiffel-Tower/Cost-of-the-Eiffel-tower.php|access-date=2024-02-25|website=www.wonders-of-the-world.net}}</ref> an amount equal to $1,495,139.89 at that time. Today, its cost would equal to $36,784,020.11. It took 2 years, 2 months and 5 days to build it. The tower is {{convert|300|m|abbr=in|lk=on|}} tall, but this does not include the {{convert|24|m|abbr=in}} [[aerial]] (antenna) on the top; the total height of the structure is {{convert|324|m|abbr=in}}. It has a square base that is {{convert|125|m|abbr=in|}} long on each side. The second story platform is {{convert|115.5|m|ftin|abbr=in}} off {{convert|12000|gal|L|abbr=off|lk=on|order=flip}}, and the surface to be painted is {{convert|250000|m2|acre|abbr=off|lk=on}}. Since it has been built it has been repainted 18 times, each of these 18 paint jobs there were only 25 painters hired to do the job. Three separate colors of paint are used on the structure in order to [[Juliian dünn|enhance]] the impression of height, with the lightest at the top.

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The Tower cost 7,799,401.31 French gold francs to build in 1889,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cost of the Eiffel Tower|url=https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Eiffel-Tower/Cost-of-the-Eiffel-tower.php|access-date=2024-02-25|website=www.wonders-of-the-world.net}}</ref> an amount equal to $1,495,139.89 at that time. Today, its cost would equal to $36,784,020.11. It took 2 years, 2 months and 5 days to build it. The tower is {{convert|300|m|abbr=in|lk=on|}} tall, but this does not include the {{convert|24|m|abbr=in}} [[aerial]] (antenna) on the top; the total height of the structure is {{convert|324|m|abbr=in}}. It has a square base that is {{convert|125|m|abbr=in|}} long on each side. The second story platform is {{convert|115.5|m|ftin|abbr=in}} off {{convert|12000|gal|L|abbr=off|lk=on|order=flip}}, and the surface to be painted is {{convert|250000|m2|acre|abbr=off|lk=on}}. Since it has been built it has been repainted 18 times, each of these 18 paint jobs there were only 25 painters hired to do the job. Three separate colors of paint are used on the structure in order to [[Juliian dünn|enhance]] the impression of height, with the lightest at the top.

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There are 20,000 sparkling lights and {{convert|80|km|abbr=in|lk=on}} of cables covering the structure. The paper used to print the visitors' tickets in one year weighs {{convert|2|t|lb|abbr=off}}. The top of the tower leans away from the sun as the metal facing the sun heats up and expands; it can move as much as {{convert|7|in|cm|abbr=in|order=flip|lk=on}} and grow {{convert|6|in|cm|abbr=in|order=flip}} taller.<ref>[[Eiffel Tower#cite note-12]]</ref> The tower was also built to sway slightly in the wind.

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There are 20,000 sparkling lights and {{convert|80|km|abbr=in|lk=on}} of cables covering the structure. The paper used to print the visitors' tickets in one year weighs {{convert|2|t|lb|abbr=off}}. The top of the tower leans away from the sun as the metal facing the sun heats up and expands; it can move as much as {{convert|7|in|cm|abbr=in|order=flip|lk=on}} and grow {{convert|6|in|cm|abbr=in|order=flip}} taller.<ref>[[Eiffel Tower#cite note-12]]{{Broken anchor|date=2024-06-26|bot=User:Cewbot/log/20201008/configuration|target_link=Eiffel Tower#cite note-12|reason= }}</ref> The tower was also built to sway slightly in the wind.

== History ==

The Eiffel Tower was built by Alexandre Gustave Eiffel for the 100th anniversary of the [[French Revolution]]. Even though Gustave Eiffel is credited for the Eiffel Tower it was actually two lesser known people who came up with the original drawing of it. These people were Maurice Koechlin and Emile Nouguier. These two men were the chief engineers of Eiffel’s engineering firm. The main architect was Stephen Sauvestre.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-06-07|title=Eiffel Tower - Height, Timeline & Facts|url=https://www.history.com/topics/landmarks/eiffel-tower|access-date=2023-09-22|website=HISTORY|language=en}}</ref>

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File:Caricature Gustave Eiffel.png|Caricature of Gustave Eiffel comparing the Eiffel tower to the [[Egyptian pyramids|Pyramids]], published in ''[[Le Temps (Paris)|Le Temps]]'', 14 February 1887

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File:Guillaume Apollinaire Calligramme.JPG|A [[calligram]] by [[Guillaume Apollinaire]]

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File:Guillaume Apollinaire Calligramme.JPG|A 1918 [[calligram]] by [[Guillaume Apollinaire]]

File:Les fondations de la Tour Eiffel, maçonneries.jpg|[[Foundation (engineering)|Foundations]] of the Eiffel Tower, photographed in 1887

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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070609061147/http://dspt.club.fr/tour_eiffel.htm History of transmitters at the Eiffel Tower] by Pierre Dessapt {{in lang|fr}}

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