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Governments and the [[military]] have built large facilities designed to listen in to communications between other governments and military groups. For example the U.S. has a large base at Pine Gap near [[Alice Springs, Northern Territory|Alice Springs]], Australia, which listens to communication signals from all over the world.

Governments and the [[military]] have built large facilities designed to listen in to communications between other governments and military groups. For example the U.S. has a large base at Pine Gap near [[Alice Springs, Northern Territory|Alice Springs]], Australia, which listens to communication signals from all over the world.

'''Eavesdropping''' is also surveillance.  It means listening to things you aren't supposed to hear. It is a deliberate act, rather than simply overhearing someone else talking.

'''Eavesdropping''' is also surveillance, but often without much planning.  It means listening to things you aren't supposed to hear. It is a deliberate act, rather than simply overhearing someone else talking.

== Surveillance methods ==

== Surveillance methods ==

[[File:Peenemunde test stand VII.jpg|right|thumb|[[WWII]] aerial photo of the [[V2]] rocket test stand at [[Peenemünde]].]]

[[File:Peenemunde test stand VII.jpg|right|thumb|[[WWII]] aerial photo of the [[V2]] rocket test stand at [[Peenemünde]].]]

[[File:U-2 photo during Cuban Missile Crisis.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet truck convoy carrying atomic missiles near [[San Cristobal]], [[Cuba]], on Oct. 14, 1962 (taken by a [[Lockheed U-2|U-2]])]]

[[File:U-2 photo during Cuban Missile Crisis.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet truck convoy carrying atomic missiles near [[San Cristobal]], [[Cuba]], on Oct. 14, 1962 (taken by a [[Lockheed U-2|U-2]])]]

Many people engage in surveillance for many purposes.<ref>Lyon, David. 2007. ''Surveillance studies: an overview''. Cambridge: Polity Press.</ref> That purpose may be crime prevention, alerting for attacks, or general gathering of information. The results of surveillance are sometimes called "intelligence". Surveillance collects information for police, intelligence agencies, military planners or commercial firms.

Many people engage in surveillance for many purposes.<ref>Lyon, David. 2007. ''Surveillance studies: an overview''. Cambridge: Polity Press.</ref> That purpose may be crime prevention, alerting for attacks, or general gathering of information for a political purpose. The results of surveillance are sometimes called "intelligence". Surveillance collects information for police, intelligence agencies, military planners or commercial firms.

This may include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment (such as [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] cameras), or interception of electronically transmitted information (such as [[internet traffic]] or phone calls). Military surveillance aircraft stay in the air to learn about changes such as traffic on roads or water or air. Nanny cams watch out for the movements of small children. Doorbell cameras watch out for persons approaching a door.  

This may include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment (such as [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] cameras), or interception of electronically transmitted information (such as [[internet traffic]] or phone calls).  

Surveillance may include simple, relatively low-technology methods such as [[watchtower]]s, human intelligence agents and postal interception. On the other hand, global surveillance is done by [[satellite]] cameras on a daily basis. Such satellites are called "[[reconnaissance]] satellite" or spy satellites.

Surveillance may include simple, relatively low-technology methods such as [[watchtower]]s, human intelligence agents and postal interception. On the other hand, global surveillance is done by [[satellite]] cameras on a daily basis. Such satellites are called "[[reconnaissance]] satellite" or spy satellites.

The word ''[[surveillance|surveillance]]'' comes from a [[French language|French]] phrase for "watching over" ("sur" means "from above" and "veiller" means "to watch").<ref>Minsky M; Kurzweil R . & Mann S. 2013. The society of intelligent veillance, ''Proceedings of the IEEE''. ISTAS. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, pp13-17.[http://eyetap.org/papers/docs/IEEE_ISTAS13_Sensularity_Minsky_etal.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019192403/http://eyetap.org/papers/docs/IEEE_ISTAS13_Sensularity_Minsky_etal.pdf|date=2017-10-19}}</ref><ref>Clarke R. 1988. Information technology and dataveillance. ''Communications of the ACM'', '''31'''(5), 498-512.</ref><ref>Michael K. ''et al'' 2010. Planetary-scale RFID services in an age of uberveillance. ''Proceedings of the IEEE'', '''98'''(9), 1663-1671.[http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2510&context=infopapers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223151/http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2510&context=infopapers |date=2013-12-02 }}</ref>

The word ''[[surveillance|surveillance]]'' comes from a [[French language|French]] phrase for "watching over" ("sur" means "from above" and "veiller" means "to watch").<ref>Minsky M; Kurzweil R . & Mann S. 2013. The society of intelligent veillance, ''Proceedings of the IEEE''. ISTAS. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, pp13-17.[http://eyetap.org/papers/docs/IEEE_ISTAS13_Sensularity_Minsky_etal.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019192403/http://eyetap.org/papers/docs/IEEE_ISTAS13_Sensularity_Minsky_etal.pdf|date=2017-10-19}}</ref><ref>Clarke R. 1988. Information technology and dataveillance. ''Communications of the ACM'', '''31'''(5), 498-512.</ref><ref>Michael K. ''et al'' 2010. Planetary-scale RFID services in an age of uberveillance. ''Proceedings of the IEEE'', '''98'''(9), 1663-1671.[http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2510&context=infopapers]</ref>

== Surveillance Media ==

== Surveillance Media ==