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'''Surveillance''' means watching someone or something.<ref>{{IPAc-en|s|ər|ˈ|v|eɪ|.|ə|n|s}} or {{IPAc-en|s|ər|ˈ|v|eɪ|l|ə|n|s}}</ref><ref>OED</ref> It may be secret, and many methods are used including [[telephone tapping]] to listen to the person's calls and putting an electronic listening device, a bug, into a room.

'''Surveillance''' means watching someone or something.<ref>{{IPAc-en|s|ər|ˈ|v|eɪ|.|ə|n|s}} or {{IPAc-en|s|ər|ˈ|v|eɪ|l|ə|n|s}}</ref><ref>OED</ref> It may be secret, and many methods are used including [[telephone tapping]] to listen to the person's calls and putting an electronic listening device, a bug, into a room.

Governments and the [[military]] have built large facilities designed to listen in to communications between other governments and military groups. For example the U.S. has a large base at Pine Gap near [[Alice Springs, Northern Territory|Alice Springs]], Australia, which listens to communication signals from all over the world.

Governments and the [[military]] have built large facilities designed to listen in to communications between other governments and military groups. For example the U.S. has a large base at Pine Gap near [[Alice Springs, Northern Territory|Alice Springs]], Australia, which listens to [[communication]] signals from all over the world.

'''Eavesdropping''' is also surveillance, but often without much planning.  It means listening to things you aren't supposed to hear. It is a deliberate act, rather than simply overhearing someone else talking.

'''Eavesdropping''' is also surveillance, but often without much planning.  It means listening to things you aren't supposed to hear. It is a deliberate act, rather than simply overhearing someone else talking.

[[File:U-2 photo during Cuban Missile Crisis.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet truck convoy carrying atomic missiles near [[San Cristobal]], [[Cuba]], on Oct. 14, 1962 (taken by a [[Lockheed U-2|U-2]])]]

[[File:U-2 photo during Cuban Missile Crisis.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet truck convoy carrying atomic missiles near [[San Cristobal]], [[Cuba]], on Oct. 14, 1962 (taken by a [[Lockheed U-2|U-2]])]]

Many people engage in surveillance for many purposes.<ref>Lyon, David. 2007. ''Surveillance studies: an overview''. Cambridge: Polity Press.</ref> That purpose may be crime prevention, alerting for attacks, or general gathering of information for a political purpose. The results of surveillance are sometimes called "intelligence". Surveillance collects information for police, intelligence agencies, military planners or commercial firms.

Many people engage in surveillance for many purposes.<ref>Lyon, David. 2007. ''Surveillance studies: an overview''. Cambridge: Polity Press.</ref> That purpose may be crime prevention, alerting for attacks, or general gathering of information for a political purpose. The results of surveillance are sometimes called "intelligence". Surveillance collects information for law enforcement, [[Intelligence agency|intelligence agencies]], military planners or commercial firms.<ref>The Age of Surveillance: The Aims and Methods of Americas Political Intelligence System by Frank J. Donner (1980) ISBN 9780394402987</ref>

This may include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment (such as [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] cameras), or interception of electronically transmitted information (such as [[internet traffic]] or phone calls).  

This may include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment (such as [[Closed-circuit television|CCTV]] cameras), or interception of electronically transmitted information (such as [[internet traffic]] or phone calls).  

== Surveillance Media ==

== Surveillance Media ==

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File:Surveillance video cameras, Gdynia.jpeg|Surveillance video cameras above marina in Gdynia.

File:Surveillance video cameras, Gdynia.jpeg|Surveillance cameras in [[Gdynia]], Poland

File:Surveillance Camera At Connecticut Avenue, NW & Nebraska Avenue, NW (Washington, DC) (349115665).jpg|Surveillance Camera to support the Washington, DC Police

File:Surveillance Camera At Connecticut Avenue, NW & Nebraska Avenue, NW (Washington, DC) (349115665).jpg|Surveillance Camera to support the [[Metropolitan Police Department of the District of Columbia|Washington, DC Police]]

File:IAO-logo.png|Official seal of the [[Information Awareness Office]] – a U.S. agency which developed technologies for [[mass surveillance]]

File:IAO-logo.png|Official seal of the [[Information Awareness Office]] – a U.S. agency which developed technologies for [[mass surveillance]]