Turkish alphabet
The Turkish alphabet is used for writing, speaking and reading in Turkish. This alphabet is modified from the Latin alphabet. There are 29 letters in the Turkish alphabet of Turkey. The English letters, "Q", "W" and "X" are not in Turkish alphabet. Seven Turkish letters (Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş, and Ü) are in the Turkish alphabet.
| Capital letters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | B | C | Ç | D | E | F | G | Ğ | H | I | İ | J | K | L | M | N | O | Ö | P | R | S | Ş | T | U | Ü | V | Y | Z |
| Lower case letters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | b | c | ç | d | e | f | g | ğ | h | ı | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | ö | p | r | s | ş | t | u | ü | v | y | z |
There are 8 vowels in the Turkish alphabet: A,E,I,İ,O,Ö,U,Ü
There are 21 consonants in the Turkish alphabet: B, C, Ç, D, F, G, Ğ, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, S, Ş, T, V, Y, Z.
| Letter | IPA | English approximation |
Letter | IPA | English approximation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | a | /a/ | As a in father | M | m | /m/ | As m in man |
| B | b | /b/ | As b in bat | N | n | /n/ | As n in nay |
| C | c | /dʒ/ | As j in job | O | o | /o/ | As o in not |
| Ç | ç | /tʃ/ | As ch in chat | Ö | ö | /œ/ | As u in fur |
| D | d | /d/ | As d in dog | P | p | /p/ | As p in put |
| E | e | /e/ | As e in red | R | r | /ɾ/ | As r in rent |
| F | f | /f/ | As f in far | S | s | /s/ | As s in sand |
| G | g | /g/ or /ɟ/ | As g in gap | Ş | ş | /ʃ/ | As sh in she |
| Ğ | ğ | No | Lengthens back vowels, y in yellow after front ones | T | t | /t/ | As t in top |
| H | h | /h/ | As h in hot | U | u | /u/ | As u in put |
| I | ı | /ɯ/ | As e in open | Ü | ü | /y/ | As u in lute |
| İ | i | /i/ | As i in fit | V | v | /v/ | As v in valve |
| J | j | /ʒ/ | As g in montage | Y | y | /j/ | As y in you |
| K | k | /k/ or /c/ | As c in cat | Z | z | /z/ | As z in zip |
| L | l | /ɫ/ or /l/ | As l in let | ||||